Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi ngonyango: Isikhokelo esibanzi 

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi yindlela yokulawula amayeza ngendlela elawulwayo yexesha elide. Le ndlela inikezela ngezibonelelo ezininzi, kubandakanya ukuncitshiswa kwe-dody Prequency, ukuphuculwa ukuthotyelwa kwesigulana, kunye nokunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga. Kubandakanya ukuqulunqa iziyobisi ngendlela ebavumela ukuba bakhululwe ngokuthe ngcembe emzimbeni, bagcina inqanaba elisebenzayo kunye nokuphepha iincopho kunye neentlambo ezinxulumene namayeza okukhupha ngokukhawuleza. Ukusetyenziswa kwetekhnoloji yokuhanjiswa kweziyobisi kuneerejista zonyango kuluhlu olubanzi lweemeko.

Ukuqonda ukukhululwa iziyobisi

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Yindlela ekhethekileyo kulawulo lwamayeza enzelwe ukwenza iziphumo zonyango. Ngokungafaniyo ngokungafaniyo nokukhutshwa kwangoko okukhululekileyo kuyo yonke idosi ngokukhawuleza, ukulungiswa kweenkqubo zokukhutshwa kwenkqubo yexabiso apho ichiza likhutshwe khona kwaye lingene emzimbeni. Olu lwakhulu luqhutyhafileyo lwandisa ixesha lokusebenza kwechiza, kunciphisa isantya se-dosing, kwaye kugcinwe amanqanaba amachiza ahlukeneyo kwigazi.

Imfuno yokukhululwa okuzinzileyo

Iindlela zokuhambisa iziyobisi zihlala zikhokelela ekuqhubeni amanqanaba amachiza emzimbeni, ekhokelela kumaxesha oxinzelelo (okunokubangela iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga) ezilandelwa ziziphumo zoxinzelelo (ezinokubangela ukungasebenzi kakuhle). Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Idilesi yemicimbi ngokubonelela ngokukhutshwa kwesiyobisi, okuqiqa ngokuqinileyo kwechiza, ukuphucula ukusebenza kwayo ngelixa kuncitshiswa iziphumo ezibi. Kwizigulana, oku kuguqulela ukuphucula kunye nokuphuculwa komgangatho wobomi.

Indlela yesenzo

Umgaqo osisiseko osemva Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi kukulawula inqanaba apho ichiza likhutshelwa khona ngokomsebenzi. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zinokuqeshwa, kubandakanya:

• Ukukhutshwa okulawulwa ngokunqongophele: Ichiza lingena ngaphakathi kwi-polymer matrix, kwaye ukukhululwa kwayo kulawulwa ngexabiso apho i-matrix.
• Ukukhutshwa kwe-erosion: Iyeza ichiza lifakwe kwi-polymere ehamba ngokuthe ngcembe okanye ithole ixesha elide, ukukhupha ichiza njengoko isenza njalo.
• Ukukhutshwa kwe-Osmotically: Ichiza lijikelezwe yi-membrane enesidima, kwaye amanzi atsalwa kwinkqubo ye-Osmotically, etyhala ichiza liphuma kwixabiso elilawulayo.

Iindidi zefomu yokukhutshwa okuzinzileyo

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Sebenzisa uluhlu lwezinto ezenziwayo, nganye ineempawu ezizodwa kunye nezicelo.

Iitafile zomlomo ezizinzileyo kunye ne-capsules

Ifomu yokukhutshwa komlomo iphakathi kwezona ntlobo ziqhelekileyo ze Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi. Ezi fomu zenzelwe ukukhulula ichiza ngokuthe ngcembe njengoko zihamba kwi-gestrointenal phecanal. Imizekelo ibandakanya:

• Iitafile zeMatrix: Ichiza lisasazeke ngendlela efanayo kwi-polymer matrix.
• Iinkqubo ze-reservoir: Ichiza liqulathwe ngaphakathi kwesiseko esijikelezwe yi-membrane yokulawula.
• Iimpompo ze-OSmotic: Sebenzisa uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic ukuhambisa ichiza kwinqanaba elilawulayo.

Iinkqubo ezizinzileyo zokuthumela

Iinkqubo ezizinzileyo zokukhutshwa ezizinzileyo zibonelela ngenye indlela enokuhlala ilungele amayeza e-oral, ngakumbi kwizigulana ezinobunzima obunzima okanye ukubambelela kwiishedyuli zedonki. Ezi nkqubo zidla ngokuqhutywa nge-intramuscularly okanye ngengqondo. Umzekelo unokubonwa kunye neearhente ezithile zeChemotherapy ezisetyenzisiweyo IZiko loPhando lweShandong Baeo.

I-Transbermal patches

Iipakethi zedrivermal zihambisa iziyobisi ngolusu, zibonelela ngokukhululwa okuzinzileyo ngaphezulu kweeyure ezininzi okanye iintsuku. Ezi ziqwengana zihlala zisetyenziselwa ukutshintshwa kwe-hormone yonyango, ulawulo lweentlungu, kunye ne-nicotine Ireyithi yokukhutshwa kweziyobisi ilawulwa yiyilo yepatch kunye neepropathi zolusu.

Izibonelelo zokuzimela okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Inika izibonelelo ezininzi kwifomu yokukhupha ngokukhawuleza:

• Ukucuthwa kwe-Dossing Dolly: Izigulana kufuneka zithathe amayeza kangangoko, ukuphucula lula kunye nokubambelela.
• Ukuphuculwa kwesigulana sokuthotyelwa: Iishedyuli zokudofisa ezilula zenza kube lula ukuba abaguli banamathele kwisicwangciso sonyango.
• Iziphumo ezihleliwe: Inqanaba eliqingqiweyo leziyobisi linciphisa umngcipheko weziphumo ebezinxulumene neziphumo ezinxulumene nazo.
• Ukuphuculwa kokusebenza kakuhle: Amanqanaba amachiza aqhubekayo ahlala esebenza kakuhle.

Izicelo zokukhutshwa kweziyobisi

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi isetyenziselwa ukuphatha uluhlu lweemeko ezibanzi, kubandakanya:

• Ulawulo lweentlungu: I-opioid Analgesics kunye nezinye amayeza eentlungu zinokuchongwa kukukhululwa okuzinzileyo ukubonelela ngoncedo lwentlungu ephelileyo.
• Isifo seentliziyo: Amayeza e-hyperterension, i-cholesterol ephezulu, kunye nezinye iimeko zentliziyo zinokwenziwa ngokukhululwa ngokuzinzileyo ukuphucula ukubambelela ngoguli kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko weziganeko ezibi.
• Ukuphazamiseka kwe-neurological: Amayeza e-Etilepsy, isifo sikaPakinson, kunye nezinye iingxaki ze-neurologin zinokuchongwa kukukhululwa okuzinzileyo ukubonelela ngolawulo oluphambili.
• I-Hormone Guqula unyango: I-esrogen kunye nezinye iihomoni zinokuhanjiswa nge-pastsmal patches zokukhululwa okuzinzileyo.

Imiceli mngeni kunye nezikhokelo ezizayo

Ngaphandle kwezibonelelo ezininzi, Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Ijongene nemiceli mngeni ethile:

• Ukuqulunqwa kobunzima: Ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo yokukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kunokuba nzima kwaye kufuna ubungcali obukhethekileyo.
• I-Dose ilahla: Ngamanye amaxesha, lonke idosi iphela inokukhutshwa ngequbuliso (idosi ilahla), ekhokelela kwityhefu.
• I-absetion eyahlukileyo: Ukufudukela kwiifom zokukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kunokuchaphazeleka ngezinto ezinje ngokutya kunye nentshukumo yeJastrointenal.

Uphando lwexesha elizayo ngaphakathi Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Ijolise kuyo:

• Ukuphuhlisa izixhobo ezitsha kunye neetekhnoloji: Ukuphucula ulawulo kunye nokuqikelela kokukhutshwa kweziyobisi.
• Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi: Ukulungelelanisa iinkqubo zokuhambisa iziyobisi kwiimfuno zomntu ngamnye.
• Ukuhanjiswa kweziyobisi: Ukuhambisa iziyobisi ngokuthe ngqo kwindawo yesenzo.

Imizekelo yoKhuphiswano oluZinzileyo

Amayeza aliqela afumanekayo ngokuthengisa kusetyenziswa Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi. Nantsi imizekelo embalwa:

Ukuqukumbela

Ukukhutshwa okuzinzileyo kweziyobisi Ngaba inkqubela phambili ebalulekileyo kwiSayensi yeSomaceutical, inika izibonelelo ezininzi kwizigulana kunye nabanikezeli bezempilo. Ngokulawula ireyithi kunye nexesha lokukhutshwa kweziyobisi, ezi nkqubo ziphucula ukusebenza ngokufezekileyo, ukunciphisa iziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, kunye nokomeleza ukuthotyelwa kwesigulana. Njengoko uqhubeka nophando luyaqhubeka, sinokulindela ngakumbi kwaye sisebenze Ukukhutshwa kweziphoso ezinzileyo Itekhnoloji yokuvela, ukuguqula indlela esiphatha ngayo izifo.

Iphepha elichazayo: Eli nqaku lelo nqaku lolwazi kuphela kwaye alisebenzi ngengcebiso kwezonyango. Soloko unxibelelana nengcali yezempilo efanelekileyo kuyo nayiphi na inkxalabo yezempilo okanye ngaphambi kokwenza naziphi na izigqibo ezinxulumene nesicwangciso sakho sonyango.

Imithombo: Idatha yaqokelelwa kwiimpapasho ezahlukeneyo zamayeza kunye neewebhusayithi zeMveliso.