Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Imvamisa kubandakanya ukuhlanganiswa kwezokwelapha okuhloswe ngazo ukwehlisa ukukhula komdlavuza, ukuphatha izimpawu, kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yesiguli. Indlela ethile incike ezicini eziningana, kufaka phakathi uhlobo nesigaba somdlavuza wamaphaphu, impilo yesiguli ephelele, kanye nokuthandwa ngumuntu. Izinketho zingasukela ekuhlinzweni nase-chemotherapy ku-radiation therapy, ekwelashweni okuhlosiwe, futhi i-immunotherapy, evame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa okuhambisana necebo lokuthola amaphaphu elisebenzayo. Leans la makhanshisayo ivame ukudinga ngokushesha nokubanzi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka. Izinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zomdlavuza wamaphaphu yilezi: I-NSCLC engeyona encane ye-LSCLC (NSCLC) NSCLC uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, accounting cishe ama-80-85% amaphaphu amaphunga. Ama-subtypes afaka i-adenocarcinoma, i-squamous cell carcinoma, kanye ne-cell cell carcinoma.small cell cell lung Cancer (SCLC) SCLC ijwayelekile kepha inolaka kakhulu kune-NSCLC. Kuhlotshaniswa ngokubhema ngokubhema futhi kuvame ukusakazeka ngokushesha. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi futhi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Ingabe i-vital.diagnosis kanye nokuxilongwa kwe-staraccurate kanye nezitebhisi zibalulekile ekunqumeni okuhle kakhulu Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Hlela. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuxilonga kufaka: Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga: Ama-X-ray, ama-CT scans, i-MRI, kanye ne-pet scans kusiza ukubona ngeso lengqondo ama-tumors futhi ahlole ukusakazeka kwawo. I-Biopsy: Isampula yezicubu ithathwe ukuhlolwa kwemicroscopic ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa kwesifo futhi kunqume uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Bronchoscopy: Ishubhu elincanyana, eliguqukayo elinekhamera lifakwa emigwaqweni yomoya ukuze ngeso lengqondo futhi uthole amasampula. Mediastinoscopy: Inqubo yokuhlinza yokuhlola ne-biopsy lymph node kwi-Mediastinum (isikhala esiphakathi kwamaphaphu). I-NSCLC ne-SCLC zinezinhlelo ezihlukile zokubamba. Nge-NSCLC, izigaba zibanga kusuka ku-I IV, nge-IV ekhombisa isigaba esithuthuke kakhulu. I-SCLC ihlukaniswe ngokujwayelekile njengoba kukhawulelwe (kuvalelwe ohlangothini lwesifuba kanye nama-lymph node aseduze) noma okubanzi (okusatshalaliswa ngaphezulu kwesifuba).Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Okokukhetha inhloso ye Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka ukulawula umdlavuza, ukunciphisa izimpawu, futhi uthuthukise ikhwalithi yempilo. Izinketho zokwelashwa zingafaka: Ukuhlinzwa kweSurgerysurgery kungaba yindlela yokukhetha i-NSCLC yesigaba sokuqala. Udokotela ohlinzayo angasusa ingxenye yokulungiswa kwamaphaphu (we-wedge noma i-segmental resection), lonke i-lobe (lobectomy), noma lonke amaphaphu (pneumonectomy). Ku-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute, i-Oncology yokuhlinza isebenza kakhulu ngochwepheshe bokuphefumula ngemiphumela emihle kakhulu. Funda kabanzi lapha.Chemotherapychemothemothemothemotherpesy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Kujwayelekile Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Kokubili i-NSCLC ne-SCLC, ikakhulukazi ngezigaba ezithuthukile. I-Chemotherapy ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neadjuvant chemotherapy) ukuncipha isimila, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa (i-chemotherant chemotherapy yokwelapha isebenzisa imisebe ye-metastatic. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela nge-chemotherapy. Izinhlobo zokwelapha imisebe zifaka: Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle yangaphandle (EBRT): Imisebe ihanjiswa emshinini ngaphandle komzimba. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yemisebe yeStereotactic (SBTT): Ihambisa imithamo ephezulu yemisebe endaweni encane yamaphaphu, inciphisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezizungezile. Brachytherapy: Imbewu noma izintambo ezinemisebe zifakwa ngqo emithini yezokwelapha yezokwelapha ye-tumortapyTegeged Travegegeged Target molecule ethize ebambe iqhaza ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza kanye nokusinda. Le mishanguzo ivame ukusetshenziselwa i-NSCLC ngokuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo, njenge-egfr, i-alk, noma i-ros1.immunotherapyimmunotherapy isiza amasosha omzimba alwe nomdlavuza. Lezi zidakamizwa, ezinjengezinhlanzi zokuhlola (isb., Pembrolikumab, Nivolumab), Vimba amaprotheni avimbela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza. I-ImmunoSatheraPy ikhombisile isithembiso esibalulekile ekwelapheni i-NSCLC ethuthukisiwe kanye namanye amacala e-SCLC.Clical Thintana ekulingweni komtholampilo anganikeza ukufinyelela okusha futhi okusha Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Izinketho. Izilingo Zomtholampilo ziyizifundo zokucwaninga ezihlola ukwelashwa okusha noma ukuhlanganiswa kwezindlela zokwelapha.Izindlela zokwelapha ezisuselwa kuhlobo lomdlavuza kanye no-stagethe kulandela ithebula elifingqiwe Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka Isondela kususelwa kuhlobo nesiteji somdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-Cancer Type Stage Stage Indlela Ejwayelekile yokwelashwa i-NSCLC I-II, Therapy Radiant, Chemotherapy (Adminotherapy NSCLC III ChemoRadiation, i-Im-i-Im-i-Adgenotherapy, ukwelashwa kwemisebe) I-Chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, ukwelashwa kwemisebe (ukulawulwa kwezimpawu) Ukuphatha imiphumela emibiUkwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka kungadala imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emibi ejwayelekile ifaka ukukhathala, isicanucanu, ukulahleka kwezinwele, nezilonda zomlomo. Iqembu lakho lezokunakekelwa kwempilo lingakusiza ukuphatha le miphumela emibi ngemithi nokunakekelwa kokusekela. Ukudla okunempilo nokuzivocavoca nakho kungasiza ukuthuthukisa ikhwalithi yempilo yakho ngesikhathi sokwelashwa.Inkulunkulu yokucophelela yokucophelela igxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu kanye nokwenza ngcono impilo yeziguli ezineziguli ezinzima. Ingahlinzekwa kunoma yisiphi isigaba somdlavuza, hhayi nje ekugcineni kwempilo. Ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative kungafaka ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, futhi kusize ngezidingo ezingokoqobo.Living ne-LEP Canceriving enomdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba inselele. Kubalulekile ukuba nohlelo lokusekelwa oluqinile. Lokhu kungafaka umndeni, abangane, amaqembu okusekelana, kanye nochwepheshe bezempilo yengqondo. Ukuxhuma nabanye abanomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunganikeza ukusekelwa nokuqonda okubalulekile.Ukuzikhulula: Lolu lwazi ngolwazi olujwayelekile kanye nezinhloso zolwazi kuphela, futhi alwenzi izeluleko zezokwelapha. Kubalulekile ukuthintana nochwepheshe wezempilo ofanelekayo nganoma yiziphi izinkathazo zezempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo yakho noma yokwelashwa.