Ukuqonda umdlavuza wesibindi: izinhlobo, izimpawu, ukuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa

Umdlavuza wesibindi, isimo esingathi sína esithinta isibindi, kubandakanya izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene ngezimpawu ezihlukile, izimpawu, kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa. Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izici ezihlukile ze umdlavuza esibindini, ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ebalulekile yokuqonda okungcono nokuphatha.

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wesibindi

I-Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC)

Uhlobo oluvame kakhulu umdlavuza esibindini, I-HCC isuka kumaseli amakhulu wesibindi (ama-hepatocyte). Izici zobungozi zifaka ukutheleleka kwama-hepatitis b noma i-C, i-cirrhosis (ukushayisana kwesibindi), kanye nokusebenzisa kabi utshwala. Izimpawu zingafaka izinhlungu zesisu, i-jaundice (iphuzi lesikhumba namehlo), nokuncipha kwesisindo okungachazwanga. Ukuxilongwa kuvame ukufaka izivivinyo zokucabanga (i-ultrasound, i-Scan ye-CT, i-MRI) ne-biopsy yesibindi.

Cholangiocarcinoma

Lo mdlavuza ukhula emikhunjini yama-bile, amashubhu aphethe i-bile kusuka esibindini kuya emathunjini amancane namathumbu amancane. Izici zobungozi aziqondwa kahle kune-HCC, kepha zifaka nemibandela yofuzo kanye nokutheleleka kwama-parasitic. Izimpawu zingalingisa lezo ze-HCC, kepha zingafaka futhi ukulunywa nomchamo omnyama. Ukuxilonga kusebenzisa amasu afanayo wokucabanga kanye ne-biopsy.

Okunye okuvamile kwesibindi

Ezinye izinhlobo ezingejwayelekile ze umdlavuza wesibindi zikhona, kufaka phakathi i-angiosarcoma, i-fibrolamellar carcinoma, ne-hepatoblastoma (ngokuyinhloko ethinta izingane). Leans la makhanseleli ajwayele ukuba nezethulo ezihlukile kanye namasu okulashwa.

Izimpawu zomdlavuza wesibindi

Isigaba sokuqala umdlavuza esibindini kuvame ukubalwa ngaphandle kwezimpawu ezibonakalayo. Njengoba umdlavuza uthuthuka, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu noma ukungakhululeki
• Ukwehla kwesisindo okungachazwanga
• Ukulahleka kwesifiso sokudla
• UJaundice (ophuzi wesikhumba namehlo)
• Ukuvuvukala emilenzeni nasezimbobeni
• Ukudinwa
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Ama-Ascites (Ukwakhiwa koketshezi esiswini)

Kubalulekile ukubonana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo uma uhlangabezana nalezi zimpawu, ikakhulukazi uma unezici zobungozi umdlavuza wesibindi.

Ukuxilongwa kanye nokubabaza komdlavuza wesibindi

Ukuxilonga umdlavuza esibindini kufaka phakathi inhlanganisela yokuhlolwa, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa kwegazi (ukuhlolwa kwesibindi, i-alpha-fetoprotein)
• Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga (i-ultrasound, i-Scan ye-CT, i-MRI, i-Angoography)
• Isibindi Biopsy (Ukuhlolwa Kwezithombe Zesikhwama)

Isitayela sinquma ubukhulu bokusakazeka komdlavuza, kuthonya izinqumo zokwelashwa. Amasistimu wokugabha afana ne-Barcelona Clinic Line Cancer (BCLC) STEAGLIGS STEMST STEMSTS ISETSHEKILE.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zomdlavuza wesibindi

Izinketho zokwelashwa ze umdlavuza esibindini ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngohlobo, isigaba, kanye nempilo ephelele yomuntu. Izindlela ezijwayelekile zifaka:

• Ukuhlinzwa (ukuhlela kabusha, ukufakelwa)
• Chemotherapy
• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe
• I-ImmunoSatherapy
• I-Ablation (I-Radiofrequecy Oblation, I-Microwave Ablation)

Le khasi I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute Inikeza izinketho zokwelashwa ezithuthukile kanye nocwaningo lokusika-onqenqemeni ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wesibindi. Ithimba labaningi labachwepheshe abasebenza ngokubambisana ukuthuthukisa amasu wezokwelapha elenzelwe ezidingweni ngazinye.

Ukuvimbela nokutholwa kusenesikhathi

Ngenkathi kungewona wonke amacala umdlavuza esibindini zivikelekile, ukwamukela izinqumo zokuphila ezinempilo zinganciphisa kakhulu ingozi. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• Ukugoma I-Hepatitis B
• Ukugwema ukusetshenziswa ngokweqile kotshwala
• Ukugcina Isisindo Esinempilo
• Ukuvivinya umzimba njalo
• Ukulandela ukudla okulinganiselayo

Ukuhlolwa njalo kubalulekile ukuze uthole ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanezici zobungozi. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kuthuthukisa kakhulu imiphumela yokwelashwa.

Imininingwane engaphezulu nokusekelwa

Ngeminye imininingwane nge umdlavuza esibindini, Izinsizakusebenza ziyatholakala kumphakathi we-American Cancer Society kanye neNational Cancer Institute. Amaqembu okusekela kanye nezinhlangano zokuqinisekiswa kweziguli zinikeza usizo olubalulekile ezigulini nasemindenini yazo. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ngeseluleko nokwelashwa komuntu uqobo.