Ukuqonda izindleko zokuphathwa komdlavuza oshibhile kwezakhi zofuzo.

Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngesibukezo esiphelele sezindleko ezihambisana nokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu axhumene nokuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo, ukuhlola izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa nezinto ezithonya izindleko zizonke. Sizohlola izindlela zokwelapha ezitholakalayo, sicabangele amasu okusindisa izindleko, futhi siqokomise ukubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezenzelwe wena zokuphatha lesi sifo esiyinkimbinkimbi.

Ukuqonda ukuguqulwa kwezakhi zofuzo emdlavuza wamaphaphu

Izinhlobo zezakhi zofuzo

Izinguquko eziningi zofuzo zingaba nomthelela ekwakhiweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lokhu kuguqulwa kuthinta ufuzo olubandakanyeka ekukhuleni kwamaseli nokulungisa, okuholela ekuhlukaniseni amaseli angalawulwa kanye nokwakheka kwezimila. Ukuguqulwa okujwayelekile kufaka i-EGFR, Alk, Ros1, ne-BRAF, ngalinye lithinta izinketho zokwelashwa futhi, ngenxa yalokho, izindleko. Ukuqonda ukuguqulwa okuthile kwezakhi zofuzo kubalulekile ukuvumelanisa uhlelo olusebenza ngempumelelo futhi, olungabizi kakhulu, olungabizi kakhulu lokwelashwa. Izinketho zokwelashwa ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngokuguqulwa kofuzo oluthile.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zodokotela wezakhi zofuzo amaphaphu

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela ezihlosiwe izidakamizwa zenzelwe ukubhekisa ngqo amaprotheni angejwayelekile akhiqizwa umdlavuza owenza umdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zivame ukusebenza ngempumelelo futhi zibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa kunendabuko ye-chemotherapy yeziguli eziqondile zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, izindleko zokulashwa okuhlosiwe zingaba okukhulu, zihluka ngokuya ngomuthi othize kanye nesikhathi sokwelashwa. Izibonelo zokwelapha okuhlosiwe zifaka ama-egthr tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIS) njenge-Afatiinib, iGefitinib, ne-Erlotinib; I-Alk inhibitors efana ne-crizotinib ne-cerianin; kanye ne-ROS1 inhibitors efana ne-crizotinib kanye ne-entrectonib. Izindleko zokuhluka ngakunye kuya ngezinto ezifana nezithambiso nezokwelashwa.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy ihlala inketho yokwelashwa ejwayelekile yomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kepha imvamisa isebenza kangako ezigulini ezinokuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo uma kuqhathaniswa nezokwelapha ezihlosiwe. Izindleko ze-chemotherapy ziyahlukahluka ngokuya ngemithi ethile esetshenzisiwe kanye nobude bokwelashwa. Ngenkathi ngokuvamile kubiza kakhulu kunezindlela zokubhekisa ekuqaleni, izindleko zizonke zingabaluleka ngenxa yesikhathi esisezingeni eliphakeme sokwelashwa kanye nesidingo sokuvakasha kwezibhedlela ezivame kakhulu.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba wokulwa nokulwa namaseli womdlavuza. Kuyindlela yokwelashwa ethembisayo yeziguli ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu, kubandakanya nalezo ezinokuguqulwa okuthile kwezakhi zofuzo. Kodwa-ke, njengezokwelapha ezihlosiwe, izidakamizwa ze-immunotherapapy zingabiza kakhulu, futhi ukusebenza kwazo kuyahluka ngokuya ngezinto ngazinye. Izindleko eziphakeme zingathinta kakhulu inani eliphelele Izindleko ezishibhile zezakhi zofuzo ezifuywayo zibika umdlavuza womdlavuza.

Ukuhlinzwa kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kokuhlinzwa kanye nemisebe kunezinketho ezengeziwe zokwelashwa, kuvame ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Izindleko ezihambisana nalezi zindlela zokwelapha zithonywa yinkimbinkimbi yezinqubo kanye nezidingo zomuntu ngamunye. Indawo kanye nedumela lesikhungo sezokwelapha nakho kungathinta kakhulu izindleko eziphelele.

Izici ezithonya izindleko zokwelashwa

Okuphelele Izindleko ezishibhile zezakhi zofuzo ezifuywayo zibika umdlavuza womdlavuza kuthonywa yizici eziningana. Lokhu kufaka phakathi uhlobo lokwelashwa oludingekayo (ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, i-chemotherapy, i-immunotherapy, ukuhlinzwa, ukuhlinzwa), isikhathi sokwelashwa, ukumbozwa komshuwalense wezempilo wesiguli, nendawo yokumbozwa komshuwalense wezempilo. Imvamisa yokuhambela esibhedlela kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona edinga ukwelashwa okwengeziwe noma umuthi kuzothinta izindleko zokugcina.

Amasu okusindisa izindleko

Ukuphatha izindleko zokuphathwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba inselele. Iziguli nemindeni zingahlola amasu ahlukahlukene okunciphisa izindleko, okubandakanya ukufundwa komshuwalense wokuqonda, ukufuna izinhlelo zosizo lwezezimali ezihlinzekwa yizinkampani ezenzakade noma izinhlangano ezinikelayo, kanye nokuxoxisana ngezinhlelo zokukhokha nabahlinzeki bezokunakekelwa kwempilo. Ukuhlola izivivinyo zemitholampilo nakho kungaba yindlela yokunciphisa izindleko zokwelashwa, ngenkathi unikela ngentuthuko yezokwelapha.

Ukuthola Izinketho Zokwelashwa Ezingabizi

Ukuzulazula kokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu nezindleko zalo ezihambisanayo kudinga ukuhlela ngokucophelela nokucwaninga. Kubalulekile ukubonana ne-Oncologists kanye nabaqeqeshiwe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa olulinganisa ukusebenza kahle ngokutholakala kalula ngokubiza. Ukuqonda izinhlelo ezitholakalayo zosizo lwezezimali kanye nokuhlola wonke amasu okusindisa izindleko abalulekile. Khumbula ukuthi ubhekane njalo nemithombo ehlonishwayo yolwazi olunembile.

Ukuthola eminye imininingwane nge-Cancer Cancer and Support, cabanga ukuxhumana ne I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute Ukuhlola izinketho zokwelashwa kanye nezinhlelo zosizo lwezezimali.

Ukuzikhulula: Amabanga wezindleko ahlinzekiwe anezilinganiso futhi angahluka kakhulu ngokuya ngezimo ngazinye. Xhumana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuthola imininingwane efanele yezindleko ezihlobene nesimo sakho esithile.