China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso

Ukuqonda izindleko ezihambisana nokwelashwa komdlavuza wezinso eChina kungaba yinkimbinkimbi. Le ndatshana ibhidliza izinto ezahlukahlukene ezithonya intengo, kufaka phakathi ukuxilongwa, izinketho zokwelashwa (ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe), ukukhethwa kwesibhedlela kanye nomshuwalense. Siphinde sihlole izinsiza ezitholakalayo ukusiza ukuphatha lezi zindleko, sinikeze umbono onemininingwane yeziguli kanye nomdlavuza wezinso weCanCidney, futhi owaziwa ngokuthi ukukhathazeka kwe-Renakidney (RCC), kuyinto ebalulekile yezempilo emhlabeni jikelele, futhi iChina ayikho. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokwelashwa kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yeziguli. China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso Ukucatshangelwa kuba okubalulekile kusenesikhathi kwinqubo.Izingxenye ze-Cancer Wezinso inqwaba yomdlavuza wezinso i-Renal Cell Carcinoma (RCC), i-accounting cishe amacala angama-85. Ezinye izinhlobo zifaka phakathi i-Carrinoma ye-Convermetional Cell Carcinoma ne-Wilms 'isimilo, ngokuyinhloko zitholakala ezinganeni. Ukuqonda uhlobo oluthile lomdlavuza kubalulekile ekunqumeni isu elifanele kakhulu futhi elingenamali yokwelashwa. E- I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute, Sizinikezele ekucwaningeni nasekuhlinzekeni izinketho zakamuva zokwelashwa.Izinto zokuvikela izici zokuvimbela kanye nezici zokuvikela zokuvikela kungandisa ingozi yokuthola umdlavuza wezinso, kufaka phakathi ukubhema, ukukhuluphala, umfutho wegazi ophakeme. Izindlela zokuvimbela zibandakanya ukugcina impilo enempilo, ukugwema ukubhema, nokuphatha umfutho wegazi. Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile, ikakhulukazi kubantu abanomlando womndeni womdlavuza wezinso, kungasiza ekutholeni kusenesikhathi, ngokunciphisa okuphelele China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso ngokugwema ukwelashwa okusekwephuzile. Izici ezithonya izindleko zokwelashwa komdlavuza wezinso ngezindleko zezindleko ze-Chinathe zokuphatha umdlavuza wezinso eChina. Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zokuxilonga zifaka:Ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba: Ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwempilo yesiguli.Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga: Ukuskena kwe-CT, ama-MRIS, nama-ultrasound asetshenziselwa ukubona ngeso lengqondo izinso nezicubu ezizungezile. Lezi zivivinyo zisiza ukunquma usayizi nendawo yendawo yesimila.I-Biopsy: Isampula elincane lezicubu lithathwa kwizinso futhi lihlolisiswe ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu ukuze liqinisekise ukuba khona kwamaseli omdlavuza.Ukuhlolwa kwegazi nomchamo: Lezi zivivinyo zingasiza ukuhlola umsebenzi wezinso futhi zikhombe izimpawu ezingaba khona ezihlotshaniswa nomdlavuza wezinso.Izindleko zalezi zinqubo zingahluka phakathi kwezibhedlela. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokunembile kungagcina ukunciphisa China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso Ngokuvumela izinketho ze-etrasection ze-Treatoction ezingabonakali ezingabonakali kanye nezinketho zokuphathwa kwezindleko ezihambisana nazo zemidlavuza yezinso eChina zifaka ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa kuncike esiteji nasesimweni somdlavuza, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Nakhu ukwephulwa yilowo nalowo: Ukuhlinzwa kweSurgerySurgery kuvame ukwelashwa okuyisisekelo komdlavuza wezinso, ikakhulukazi uma umdlavuza wenziwa endaweni. Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezifaka phakathi:I-Radical Nephrectomy: Ukususwa kwazo zonke izinso, izicubu ezizungezile, futhi kwesinye isikhathi ama-lymph node aseduze.Ingxenye ye-Nephrectomy eyingxenye: Ukususwa kwesimila ngenkathi kulondolozwa izicubu zezinso ezisele. Lokhu kuvame ukuthandwa ngamathumbu amancane.I-Laparoscopic noma ukuhlinzwa kwamarobhothi: Amasu amancane ahlaselayo anganciphisa isikhathi sokuthola kabusha kanye nokushaya.Izindleko zokuhlinzwa zingahluka ngokuya ngohlobo lwenqubo kanye nesibhedlela. Ukuhlinzwa okuncane okuhlaselayo kuvame ukuba nezindleko eziphakeme eziphambili kepha kungahle kube nomphumela ophansi jikelele China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso Ngenxa yesibhedlela esifushane sihlala futhi sinciphise izinkinga.chemotherapychemothemothemothemotherothemothemotherwother asetshenziselwa umdlavuza wezinso uma kuqhathaniswa neminye imidlavuza, kodwa kungahle kusetshenziswe ezimweni ezithile, njengalapho umdlavuza usakazekele kwezinye izingxenye zomzimba. Izindleko ze-chemotherapy zincike kwimithi ethile esetshenzisiwe nesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngoba umdlavuza wezinso uvame ukumelana nendabuko ye-chemotherapy, lokhu akuyona into yokuqala yokwelashwa kwezidakamizwa zokwelashwa.Tareged therapytargeced therapy zivimba ukukhula okuthile kweseli yomdlavuza futhi zisakazeka. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile zokwelapha eziqondiwe zomdlavuza wezinso zifaka:ISunitin (Sutent): Ivimbela ama-pertosine kinase receptors amaningi, anciphisa ukunikezwa kwegazi esiswini.Sorafenib (Nexavar): Indlela efanayo yokwenza iSunitinib.I-Pazopanib (Votrient): Enye i-tytrosine kinasehibitor.I-Axitin (inlyta): Izidakamizwa zokwelapha ze-tytrosine ezikhethiwe kakhudlwana ze-tytrosine. Izindleko zale mithi zinganikela kakhulu kulokho okuphelele China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso. Ngokusho kwemininingwane yomenzi, izindleko zanyanga zonke zeSunitinib zingasukela ku- ¥ 20,000 kuya ku-40,000 eChina, ngokuya ngomthamo nangophawu. (Umthombo: PFizer China WebSivele Esemthethweni) .I -Immunotherapyimmunotherapy izidakamizwa zisiza amasosha omzimba alwe nomdlavuza. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ze-immunenotherapy zomdlavuza wezinso zifaka:Nivolumab (Opdivo): I-PD-1 inhibitor evimba amaprotheni avimbela amaseli omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza.Pembrolikukumab (Keytruda): Enye i-ENhibitor ye-PD-1.IPILILAMAb (Yervoy): I-CTLA-4 inhibitor ethuthukisa ukusebenza kwamaseli weseli.Imimmunotherapy iyabiza, futhi izindleko zingahluka ngokuya ngesidakamizwa kanye nesikhathi sokwelashwa. Ngenkathi kungenzeka ngempumelelo, i-immunotherapy ingaba yingxenye ebalulekile ye China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso. Izindleko zanyanga zonke ze-nivolumab zingaba ziphakeme kakhulu kunezindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe, ezinokufika ¥ 50,000 noma ngaphezulu. (Umthombo: I-Bristol Myers squibb china iwebhusayithi esemthethweni) Izibhedlela zikahulumeni ngokuvamile zinikela izindleko eziphansi kunezibhedlela ezizimele noma izikhungo zezokwelapha zomhlaba wonke. Kodwa-ke, izibhedlela ezizimele zinganikeza izikhathi ezimfushane zokulinda nokunakekelwa okwenziwe ngezifiso okwengeziwe. Indawo yesibhedlela nayo ingathinta izindleko, ezibhedlela emadolobheni amakhulu zivame ukuba kubize kakhulu. Izakhamizi eziningi zaseChina zinomshuwalense wezempilo oyisisekelo ohlanganisa ezinye zezindleko zokuxilongwa nokwelashwa. Kodwa-ke, ukumbozwa kwezindlela ezintsha zokwelapha, njengokulashwa okuhlosiwe kanye ne-immunotherapy, kungakhawulelwa noma kungamboziwe nhlobo. Umshuwalense ongezekayo ungasiza ukumboza lezi zindleko ezengeziwe. Ukuqonda inqubomgomo yakho yomshuwalense kubalulekile ekuphatheni China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso.Tatimating the Cancer China izindleko zezinso: inselelo ye-breakwingiw ukuhlinzeka ngokulinganisa okuqondile kwezindleko zokwelashwa komdlavuza wezinso eChina ngenxa yokuhluka kwezinto ezishiwo ngenhla. Kodwa-ke, nansi ukuwohloka okujwayelekile kwezindleko ezingaba khona: Izindleko ezilinganiswe ngezigaba Ukuhlinzwa (Nephrectomy) 30,, 000 kuncike ohlotsheni lokuhlinzwa (okuvulekile vs. I-Chemotherapy (ngomjikelezo ngamunye) 5,000 - 20,000 okungajwayelekile, kepha izindleko zincike ezidakamizweni ezisetshenzisiwe. Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe (ngenyanga) 20,000 - 40,000 + I-Sunitinib, i-sorafenib, i-pazopanib, njll. Izindleko zincike kumuthi othize kanye nomthamo. I-ImmunoSapapy (ngenyanga) 30,000 - 50,000 + Nivolumab, Pemblolizumab, njll. Kungabiza kakhulu. I-Hospital Hlala (ngosuku ngosuku) 500 - 2,000 + Iyahlukahluka kusesibhedlela nasezingeni lokunakekelwa. Ukulandela ukunakekelwa okungu-2 000 - 10,000 (ngonyaka) kufaka phakathi ukuhlolwa okujwayelekile kokuhlolwa kanye nokuhlolwa kokucabanga. * QAPHELA: Lezi zindleko ezilinganiselwayo futhi zingahluka kakhulu. Nazi izinsiza ezingasiza:Uxhaso lukahulumeni: Ezinye izifunda eChina zinikele ngoxhaso lwezokwelashwa komdlavuza, ikakhulukazi kubantu abahola kancane. Bheka nohulumeni wakho wasekhaya ukubona ukuthi uyafaneleka yini.Izinhlangano Eziphasayo: Izinhlangano ezifana The China Cancer Foundation kanye namaqembu okusekelwa komdlavuza wendawo anganikeza usizo lwezezimali noma izinsiza ukusiza iziguli ukuphatha izindleko.Ukuqothuka Okuhlanganisiwe: Amapulatifomu afana neShuidichou (水滴筹) avumele abantu ukuthi bakhuphule imali yezindleko zezokwelashwa.Izinhlelo Zosizo Lokwakhethwa Ikheshi: Ezinye izinkampani zemithi zinikeza izinhlelo zokusiza iziguli ezingasiza ekunciphiseni izindleko zokwelapha okuhlosiwe kanye nemithi ye-immunotherapy.Izinsizakalo Zomshwalense Wezokwelapha: Lezi zinsizakalo zingakusiza uqonde inqubomgomo yakho yomshuwalense futhi uzulazule inqubo yezimangalo. Futhi bangasiza ekuboneni izinsizakusebenza ezingaba khona kanye nezinhlelo zosizo. Thintana I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute Ngeminye imininingwane ngezinsizakusebenza kanye nokusekelwa.Conclusiuntondaqonde The China umdlavuza wezindleko zezinso ibalulekile ezigulini nasemindenini yayo. Ngokucwaninga izinketho zokwelashwa, ukubheka ukumbozwa komshuwalense, futhi usebenzise izinsiza ezikhona, kungenzeka ukuphatha umthwalo wezezimali wezokwelapha umdlavuza wezinso futhi ugxile ekubuyiselweni. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuhlelwa okuphelele kokwelashwa, kanye nokufinyelela kwizinsizakusebenza zokusekela konke kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela yeziguli futhi kuncishiswe umthelela ophelele walesi sifo.