Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu Ihlanganisa uhla lwezindlela, kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa kwemisebe, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, kanye ne-immunotherapy. Uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhle kakhulu luxhomeke ezintweni ezinjengesigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli ephelele, kanye nokuthandwa ngumuntu. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola lezi zinketho zokwelashwa ngokuningiliziwe, uhlinzeka ngolwazi ukusiza iziguli nemindeni yazo ukuzulazula kulolu hambo oluyinkimbinkimbi.Ukuqonda umdlavuza wamaphaphuUmdlavuza wamaphaphu yisifo lapho amaseli ephaphu akhula khona ngaphandle kokulawulwa. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili: iseli engeyona elincane umdlavuza wamaphaphu (NSCLC) neseli elincane umdlavuza wamaphaphu (SCLC). I-NSCLC ivame kakhulu futhi ifaka ama-subtypes afana ne-adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, kanye ne-carcinoma enkulu ye-carcinoma enkulu. I-SCLC ayivamile kepha ivame ukukhula futhi isakaze ngokushesha. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi nokuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze kusebenze Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute inikezelwe ukuqhubekisela phambili ucwaningo lomdlavuza kanye nezinketho zokwelashwa.Izinketho zokwelashwa kwezinketho zokwelashwa kwamaphaphu zitholakala umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Uhlelo oluthile lwe-Treatter Treatter luzokwenzelwe isiguli ngasinye kanye nezimpawu zomdlavuza wazo.Surgerysurgery imvamisa iyindlela yokwelashwa eyinhloko ye-NSCLC yesigaba sokuqala. Kubandakanya ukususa isimila kanye nama-lymph node aseduze. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlinzwa zifaka: Ukuvuselelwa kwe-Wedge: Ukususwa kwesiqephu esincane, esimise okwenziwe nge-wedge. I-Segmetectomy: Ukususwa kwengxenye enkulu yamaphaphu kunokuvuselelwa kwe-wedge. I-Lobectomy: Ukususwa kwe-lobe yonke yamaphaphu. Pneumonicyy: Ukususwa kwalo lonke amaphaphu.Ukufaneleka kokuhlinzwa kuncike kusayizi nendawo yesimila, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. I-Baofa Cancer Research Institute inodokotela ohlinzayo abanolwazi kumasu wakamuva okuhlinza.Chemotherapychemothemothery isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa i-NSCLC ne-SCLC, futhi inganikezwa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neadjuvant chemotherapy), ngemuva kokuhlinzwa (i-adgevant chemotherapy), noma njengokuphathwa komdlavuza okuyinhloko komdlavuza osezingeni eliphezulu. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ze-chemotherapy ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu Faka phakathi i-Cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, i-etoposide.radiation.radiation.radiation therapyradiation therapy isebenzisa imisebe ephezulu kakhulu ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Kungalethwa ngaphandle (kwangaphandle kwemisebe yokwelashwa kwemisebe) noma ngaphakathi (i-brachytherapy). Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kungasetshenziswa wedwa noma ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinjenge-chemotherapy. Izinhlobo zokwelapha imisebe zifaka: Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle yangaphandle (EBRT): Imisebe ihanjiswa emshinini ngaphandle komzimba. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yemisebe yeStereotactic (SBTT): Ihambisa imithamo ephezulu yemisebe ibe yisimila esincane, esichazwe kahle. Brachytherapy: Imbewu noma izintambo ezinemisebe zibekwa ngqo emlandweni noma eduze kwezidakamizwa zokwelapha ze-tumor.tapgeted therapytargegegegegegegegeged zibhekisele ama-molecule athile (njengamaprotheni noma izakhi zofuzo) ezibandakanyeka ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza futhi zisakazeka. Le mishanguzo ivame ukusebenza kahle kakhulu kune-chemotherapy futhi inemiphumela emibi embalwa. Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zisetshenziselwa kakhulu i-NSCLC. Izibonelo zifaka: Isib. NjengoGefitinib, erlotinib, afatiinib, kanye ne-ostertinib, esetshenziselwa umdlavuza nge-EGFR. I-Alk inhibitors: Njenge-crizotinib, alectin, ceritinib, i-brigatinib, ne-lorlatinib, esetshenziselwa umdlavuza ngokuhlelwa kabusha kwe-alk. I-Braf inhibitors: Njenge-Dabrafenib neTrametinib, esetshenziselwa umdlavuza nge-braitions eguqukayo. QAPHELA: NjengoSelpercatinib kanye nePragleTinib yomdlavuza nge-Ret Fusions.ImmunotherapyimMunotherapy isiza amasosha omzimba alwe nomdlavuza. Le mishanguzo isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni avimbela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza. Izidakamizwa ze-ImmunoSatherapy zisetshenziselwa zombili i-NSCLC ne-SCLC. Izibonelo zifaka: I-PD-1 inhibitors: Njenge-pembrolikumab, nivolumabab, kanye noCemipkuMab. I-PD-L1 inhibitors: Njenge-atezolikumab, durvalumab, no-avelumab. I-CTLA-4 inhibitors: Njenge-ipilikab.Ukusetshenziswa kwe-immunotherapy in Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ithuthukise kakhulu amanani okusinda ezigulini eziningi. Ngokuya kwe- I-American Cancer Society, immunotherapapy ikhombisa isithembiso ezigabeni ezahlukahlukene ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Izigaba zomdlavuza wamaphaphu nokwelashwa kwesigaba se umdlavuza wamaphaphu Ingabe isici esibalulekile ekunqumeni inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa.stage 1 Lung Cancer lesi sigaba sokuqala, umdlavuza wenziwa ephaphu. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukubandakanya ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe isimila. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe noma i-chemotherapy kungahle kusetshenziswe njengokwelashwa okunama-advenutant ukubulala noma yimaphi amaseli omdlavuza asele.Stage 2 no-3 luhlazo lwamaphaphu selusakazekele kwizindawo eziseduzane ze-lymph node. Ukwelashwa kuvame ukufaka inhlanganisela yokuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, kanye nokwelashwa kwemisebe.Stage 4 Ikhangisi le-4 LUPS lisakazekele ezithweni ezikude. Ukwelashwa kuhlose ukulawula ukukhula nokusakazeka komdlavuza futhi kunciphise izimpawu. Izinketho zifaka i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, i-immunotherapy, nemisebe yemisebe ye-radiation.side kanye nabaphathiUkwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungadala imiphumela emibi. Imiphumela emincane ethile incike kuhlobo lokwelashwa kanye nesiguli ngasinye. Imiphumela emibi evamile ifaka phakathi: Ukulahleka kwe-nausea nokuhlanza ukulahlekelwa izinwele ukulahleka kwezilonda zesikhumba se-Appetite Skin Readreamentchecare kungasiza ukuphatha le miphumela emibi nemithi yokunakekela izinyathelo. Iqembu at I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute Inikeza ukusekelwa okuphelele ezigulini kulo lonke uhambo lwabo lokwelashwa.Clinecal izilingo zokuvivinya izifundo zokucwaninga ezivivinya okusha Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu isondela. Ukubamba iqhaza kwecala lomtholampilo kunganikeza iziguli ukufinyelela kokwelashwa okungama-curting okungatholakali kabanzi. Iziguli zingaxoxa ngezinketho zesivivinyo sezempilo ngamanani awo abahlinzeki bezempilo.Survival amanani kanye namanani we-prognososissurvival for umdlavuza wamaphaphu bathuthukile eminyakeni yamuva ngenxa yentuthuko ekwelashweni. Kodwa-ke, i-prognosis iyahluka ngokuya ngesigaba somdlavuza ekuxilongeni, uhlobo lomdlavuza, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Ukutholwa nokwelashwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukwenza ngcono amanani okusinda. Izinga lokusinda kweminyaka emihlanu yazo zonke izigaba ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu cishe i-25%, ngokuya nge I-American Cancer Society. Inqubekela phambili entsha emdlalweni wamaphaphu wezokwelapha insimu ye Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlala evela. Ukwelashwa okusha nobuchwepheshe kusakhiwa ngaso sonke isikhathi. Ezinye izindawo ezithembisayo zocwaningo zifaka: Ama-Biopsies awuketshezi: Ukuhlolwa kwegazi okungathola amaseli womdlavuza noma izingcezwana ze-DNA. Umuthi owenziwe umuntu: Ukuvumelanisa ukwelashwa ngesiguli ngasinye kususelwa kwizici zomdlavuza wazo. Izidakamizwa ezintsha ezintsha ze-Immunotherapy: Ukuthuthukisa izidakamizwa ezintsha ezingakhuphula amandla amasosha omzimba okulwa nomdlavuza. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba inselele. Iziguli nemindeni yazo kufanele zisebenzisane kakhulu nabanikezeli babo bezempilo ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi mayelana nokunakekelwa kwazo. Kubalulekile ukubuza imibuzo, ukuveza ukukhathazeka, futhi uqonde zonke izinketho zokwelashwa ezikhona. Cabanga ukufuna umbono wesibili ovela kolunye uchwepheshe. Imininingwane ingamandla lapho ubhekene umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ithebula: Ukuqhathaniswa kokwelashwa kwamaphaphu okujwayelekile kokwelashwa komdlavuza okujwayelekile imiphumela emibi efanelekile Ukususwa Kwezidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza ukubulala umdlavuza ukubulala umdlavuza ukubulala umdlavuza ukucasuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala, ukugwinya komdlavuza okwenziwe kahle, ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kwe-palliative Kuhlose ama-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni kwesikhumba somdlavuza, isifo sohudo, izigaba zesibindi ezithuthukile ezinokuguqulwa okuthile ze-immunotherapy kuqinisa amasosha omzimba okulwa nomzimba, ukuqubuka kwesikhumba, izigaba ezithile zokuvuvukala, izigaba ezithile zokuvuvukala, izigaba ezithile zokuqala