Ukunikezwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwa: umhlahlandlela ophelele 

Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Amasistimu anikezela ngezinzuzo ezibalulekile ngaphezu kwezindlela ezijwayelekile ngokugcina ukugxila kwezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kwewindi lezokwelapha ngezikhathi ezengeziwe. Lokhu kunciphisa imvamisa ye-dosing, kunciphise imiphumela emibi, futhi kuthuthukise ukuhambisana nesiguli. Le ndatshana idonsela imigomo, izindlela, izinhlelo zokusebenza, kanye nezitayela zesikhathi esizayo ze Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo.

Isingeniso ekukhishweni okulawulwayo

Izindlela zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa zendabuko zivame ukubalekela amazinga ezidakamizwa eziguquguqukayo emzimbeni, okuholela ezikhathini zokuhlushwa okuphezulu (okungenzeka kube nobuthi) nezikhathi zokuhlushwa okuphansi (lapho umuthi ungaphumeleli khona). Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Amasistimu ahlose ukunqoba lokhu kulinganiselwa ngokukhipha umuthi ngesilinganiso esinqunyiwe, uqinisekisa izinga elingaguquki nangokwelashwa ngaphakathi emzimbeni.

Izinzuzo zokukhishwa okulawulwayo

• Imvamisa ye-DOSIGS FREEMENCY: Imithamo embalwa iyadingeka, ngcono ukuhambisana kwesiguli.
• Imiphumela emibi encishisiwe: Amazinga wezidakamizwa aqinile anciphisa ubungozi bemiphumela emibi ehlobene nokuhlushwa.
• Ukusebenza kabusha okwenziwe ngcono kwezokwelapha: Ukugcina amazinga ezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kwefasitela lokwelapha kukhulisa ukusebenza kwezidakamizwa.
• Ukuthuthukiswa kwesiguli okuthuthukisiwe: I-dosing engaphansi ye-dosing ejwayelekile yenza ukwelashwa kube lula kakhulu ezigulini.

Izindlela zokukhishwa okulawulwayo

Kusetshenziselwa izindlela eziningana ukufeza Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo, ngasinye sinezinzuzo zaso nokubi. Lezi zinqubo zingahlukaniswa kabanzi zibe yinzuzo-elawulwa, zilawulwa ukugcwala, nezinhlelo ezilawulwa ngo-osmotal.

Izinhlelo ezilawulwa - ezilawulwa

Kuzinhlelo ezilawulwa ngokuqinile, umuthi ukhishwa nge-matrix ye-polymer. Izinga lokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa linqunywa ngokuxhunyelwa kwe-coeffsion yomuthi ngaphakathi kwe-polymer kanye nejometri yedivayisi. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili:

• Amadivayisi we-Reservoir: Umgogodla wezidakamizwa uzungezwe ulwelwesi olulawulwa ngamanani. Umuthi uhluka ngolwelwesi ngesilinganiso esilawulwayo.
• Amadivayisi we-matrix: Lesi sidakamizwa sihlakazeka kulo lonke elase-polymer matrix. Lo muthi uhlukile kwi-matrix njengoba i-polymer ivuvukala kanye / noma ingcolisa.

Izinhlelo ezilawulwa ukuguguleka

Izinhlelo ezilawulwa zombuso zikhipha umuthi njenge-polymer matrix erodes noma ama-defatis. Izinga lokuguguleka lingalawulwa ngukwakheka kwe-polymer kanye nezimo zemvelo (e.g., PH, Enzyme).

• Ukuguguleka komhlaba: I-polymer irode kusuka ebusweni, ikhulula umuthi ngendlela ye-zero-oda.
• Ukuguguleka kwenqwaba: I-polymer ichaza kuyo yonke ivolumu yayo, okuholela kwiphrofayili yokukhishwa eyinkimbinkimbi.

Izinhlelo ezilawulwa ngo-Osmotal

Izinhlelo ezilawulwa ngo-Osmotal zisebenzisa ingcindezi ye-osmotic ukushayela ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa. Ulwelwelwesi olungavunyelwe luzungeza umnyombo wezidakamizwa oqukethe i-ejenti ye-osmotic. Amanzi adonswa emgogodleni, adala ingcindezi edonsela umuthi ngaphandle kwe-orifice encane. Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukunikela ngokuqondile kakhulu Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Amaphrofayli.

Izicelo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa ezilawulwayo

Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Inobubanzi bezicelo ezindaweni ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha. Imigomo ingasebenza ngisho nasekucwaningeni komdlavuza, njengocwaningo olwenziwe khona I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute athuthukisa izindlela zokwelashwa kwendabuko. Nazi ezinye izibonelo:

Ukukhishwa okulawulwa ngomlomo

-Ngomlomo Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izakhi zenzelwe ukukhipha umuthi kancane kancane epheshana lesisu. Lokhu kunganciphisa imvamisa ye-dosing futhi kuthuthukise ukumuncwa kwezidakamizwa. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Amaphilisi wokukhishwa okunwetshiwe nama-caplule: Lezi zinhlaka zisebenzisa izindlela ezahlukahlukene (isb.
• Amathebhulethi ahlanganiswe ngaphakathi: Lawa maphilisi ahlanganiswe nge-polymer ehlanza kuphela endaweni ye-alkaline yamathumbu amancane, evikela umuthi kusuka esiswini esiswini bese uyikhipha ngendlela eqondisiwe.

Iziqeshana ze-transdermal

Ama-Transdermal Patches aletha izidakamizwa ngokusebenzisa isikhumba esilinganisweni esilawulwayo. Lezi zingxenye zilula futhi zinganikeza ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa ezihlelekile ngaphandle kwesidingo semijovo. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Ama-nicotine patches: Isetshenziselwa ukubhema kokubhema, lezi zinhlaka ziletha i-nicotine ngesilinganiso esilawulwayo ukunciphisa izinkanuko.
• Ama-Fentanyl Patches: Isetshenziselwa ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, lezi zinhlaka ziletha i-Fentanyl, i-opioid enamandla, ngesilinganiso esilawulwayo.

Ukukhishwa okulawulwa okulawulwayo

-Jobekile Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izakhi zenzelwe ukukhipha umuthi amasonto amasonto noma izinyanga. Lezi zinhlaka zilusizo ezidakamizweni ezidinga ukwelashwa isikhathi eside kanye neziguli ezinobunzima bokulandela amaRegimens Medical Medication. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Ama-microsros: Ama-microsroes alayishwe izidakamizwa afakwa emzimbeni, lapho akhipha khona kancane umuthi njengoba i-polymer ilimaza.
• Izimila: Izimila eziqinile zifakwe ngaphansi kwesikhumba, lapho zikhipha khona umuthi esikhathini eside.

Izici ezithinta ukukhishwa okulawulwayo

Izici eziningana zingathonya izinga nobude bokukhishwa kwezidakamizwa kusuka Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo izinhlelo. Lezi zinto zifaka:

• Izakhiwo zezidakamizwa: I-Solubity, isisindo samangqamuzana, nokuqina kwesidakamizwa.
• Izakhiwo ze-Polymer: Isisindo samangqamuzana, i-hydrophobicity, kanye nezinga lokuwohloka kwe-polymer.
• Imeyili ye-geometry: Usayizi, ukwakheka, nendawo engaphezulu yedivayisi.
• Izici zezemvelo: pH, lokushisa, kanye nama-enzyme endaweni ezungezile.

Izitayela zesikhathi esizayo ekukhishweni okulawulwayo

Insimu ye Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo uhlala evela njalo, ngobuchwepheshe obusha kanye nezinhlelo zokusebenza ezivelayo. Ezinye zezindlela ezibalulekile zifaka:

Ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa okuhlosiwe

Izinhlelo ezihlosiwe ezilungiselelwe izidakamizwa zenzelwe ukuletha izidakamizwa ngqo kwisiza sesenzo, ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi nokwandisa ukusebenza kwezokwelapha. Lokhu kungatholakala ngokusebenzisa:

• Ukuqondiswa okuphakathi kwe-Ligand: Ukunamathisela ama-ligands kumuntu othwala izidakamizwa okubopha ama-receptors athile kumaseli wethagethi.
• Izinhlelo zokuphendula ezivuselelayo: Ukuqamba izithwali zezidakamizwa ezikhipha umuthi ekuphenduleni kwesisusa esithile, njenge-pH, lokushisa, noma ama-enzyme.

Ukuphrinta kwe-3D ekukhishweni okulawulwayo

Ubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta we-3D busetshenziselwa ukudala okwenziwe ngezifiso Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Amadivayisi anamaphrofayili ayinkimbinkimbi we-geometries kanye namaphrofayili okukhishwa kwezidakamizwa. Lokhu kuvumela umuthi owenziwe umuntu kanye nokuthuthukiswa kwezinhlelo zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa.

Nanotechnology ekukhishweni okulawulwayo

Ama-Nanoparticles, anjenge-liposomes, ama-nanoparticles e-polymeric, namachashazi we-quantum, asetshenziselwa ukwenza ngcono ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa ukuze aqondiswe izicubu. Ama-nanoparticles angathuthukisa i-soubity yezidakamizwa, avikele isidakamizwa kusuka ekuhlaziseni, futhi athuthukise ukuthakazelwa kwezidakamizwa ngamaseli.

Idatha eyisibonelo: Ukuqhathanisa amaphrofayili okukhishwa kwezidakamizwa

* Imininingwane yenzelwe izinjongo zokubonisa kuphela futhi ingahluka ngokuya ngendlela ethile.

Ukugcina

Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Inikeza izinzuzo ezibalulekile ngezindlela ezijwayelekile zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa, kufaka phakathi imvamisa eyehlisiwe ye-dosing, imiphumela emibi encishisiwe, kanye nokwenza ngcono ukwelashwa okusebenzayo. Ngentuthuko eqhubekayo kwi-Material Science, Nanotechnology, kanye nokuphrinta kwe-3D, ikusasa le Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Kuyakhanya, kuthembisa ukwelashwa okusebenzayo futhi okwenziwe ngezifiso kwezifo eziningi.