Ukunikezwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwa: umhlahlandlela ophelele 

Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Amasistimu enzelwe ukukhulula imithi esikhathini esengeziwe, enikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngezindlela ezivamile zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa. Lezi zinhlelo zigcina ukugxila kwezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kohlu lokwelapha, ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi kanye nokwenza ngcono ukuhambisana kwesiguli. Le ndatshana ingena kwimigomo, izinhlobo, izinzuzo, kanye nokusetshenziswa kwe Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo, ukuhlinzeka ngokuqonda okuningiliziwe kwale nkambu entsha.

Ukuqonda okulawulwa okulawulwayo

Kuyini ukukhishwa okulawulwayo?

Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Kubhekiswa kwinqubo yokuletha umuthi ngesilinganiso esinqunyelwe kusengaphambili nendawo emzimbeni. Ngokungafani nokwakheka kokukhishwa ngokushesha, okudedela yonke imfutho ngokushesha, Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Izinhlelo zandisa ukukhishwa kwemithi ngaphezulu kwamahora, izinsuku, noma izinyanga. Le ndlela ihlinzeka ngomphumela wezokwelapha ongaguquki futhi inciphisa imvamisa ye-dosing.

Izimiso zokukhishwa okulawulwayo

Izimiso eziningana zilawula ukwakheka nokusebenza kwe Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Amasistimu:

• Ukuphazamiseka: Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwa izinga lapho umuthi uhluka khona nge-polymer matrix.
• Ukuchithwa: Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwa yizinga lapho i-matrix ye-polymer incibilikisa noma i-erode.
• Osmosis: Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa kuqhutshwa ingcindezi ye-osmotic umehluko umehluko kulolu mempane oluvunyelwe.
• Ukuguguleka: Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okuvela ekuwohlokeni kancane kancane kwe-polymer matrix.

Izinhlobo zezinhlelo zokukhishwa ezilawulwayo

Amasistimu we-matrix

Izinhlelo ze-matrix zibandakanya ukushukumisa umuthi ngaphakathi kwe-polymer matrix. Lesi sidakamizwa sikhululwa ngokungenisa nge-matrix noma ngokuguguleka kwe-matrix uqobo. Lezi zinhlelo zilula kakhulu ukukhiqiza futhi zingalinganiswa ukuhlinzeka ngamaphrofayili ahlukahlukene wokukhipha.

Izinhlelo ze-Reservoir

Izinhlelo ze-Reservoir ziqukethe umnyombo oqukethe umuthi ozungezwe ulwelwesi lwe-polymer. Isidakamizwa sikhishwa ngolwelwesi ngesilinganiso esilawulwayo. Lezi zinhlelo zinikeza ukulawula okuqondile ngokukhululwa kwezidakamizwa kepha kungaba yinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ukukhiqiza.

Izinhlelo ze-Osmotic

Izinhlelo ze-Osmotic zisebenzisa ingcindezi ye-osmotic ukulawula ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa. Lesi sidakamizwa siqukethwe ngaphakathi kolwelwesi olungavunyelwe khona, futhi amanzi adonswa ohlelweni yi-osmosis. Lokhu kudala ingcindezi edonsela phansi izidakamizwa ngokuvula okuncane. Izinhlelo ze-Osmotic zinikeza ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okucatshangelwa kakhulu futhi okungaguquki.

Izinhlelo Ezingabonakali

Izinhlelo ezingenakufinyeleleka zisebenzisa ama-polymers anciphisa noma akhiphe isikhathi ngokuhamba kwesikhathi, akhulula umuthi njengoba i-polymer ihlukana. Lezi zinhlelo zivame ukusetshenziselwa ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa isikhathi eside.

Izinzuzo zokukhishwa okulawulwayo

Ukutholwa okuthuthukile kweziguli

Imvamisa encishisiwe ye-dosing ithuthukisa ukubambelela kweziguli emithini, ikakhulukazi izimo ezingamahlalakhona.

Imiphumela emibi encishisiwe

Ukugcina ukugxila kwezidakamizwa ngaphakathi kwefasitela lokwelapha kunciphisa ukuguquguquka kokushintshashintsha okungaholela emiphumeleni emibi.

Impumelelo yezokwelapha ethuthukisiwe

Amazinga wezidakamizwa angaguquki awenzele imiphumela yokwelapha futhi uvikele izinkathi zokugxila kwezidakamizwa noma ezinobuthi.

Ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa okuhlosiwe

-Nye Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izinhlelo zingenzelwe ukuletha izidakamizwa ngqo izicubu ezithile noma izitho, zandisa ukusebenza kahle kanye nokunciphisa ukuvezwa okuhleliwe. Cabanga ngocwaningo oluqhubekayo ezikhungweni ezifana I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute, okugxile ekwelashweni okuhlosiwe kwezifo ezahlukahlukene.

Izicelo zokukhishwa okulawulwayo

Isifo senhliziyo

Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izakhi zisetshenziselwa ukuletha umuthi we-hypertension, i-angina nezinye izimo zenhliziyo, ukuqinisekisa ukulawulwa kwemfutho yegazi okungaguquki kanye nokunciphisa ingozi yokuhlaselwa yinhliziyo nemivimbo.

Isifo sikashukela

I-insulin kanye neminye imithi yesifo sikashukela ivame ukuphathwa kusetshenziswa Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izinhlelo zokugcina amazinga aluhlaza we-glucose eqinile futhi uthuthukise ukulawulwa kwe-glycemic.

Ukuphathwa kobuhlungu

Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Ama-OPIOIDS namanye ama-analgesics anikezela ngosizo lwezinhlungu ezilondoloziwe, anciphise isidingo se-dosing ejwayelekile futhi anciphise ubungozi bokulutha.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza

Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izidakamizwa ze-Chemotherapy zingabhekisa amaseli womdlavuza ngempumelelo, ukunciphisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo kanye nokunciphisa imiphumela emibi. I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute Ibandakanyeka ngenkuthalo ocwaningweni oluhlobene nokusetshenziswa kokukhishwa okulawulwayo ekwelashweni komdlavuza.

Ezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza

Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Iphinde isetshenziswe ezinhlakeni eziningi zezinye izinhlelo zokusebenza, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukwelashwa kweHormone Replacement
• Ukwelashwa kokuphazamiseka kwemizwa
• Ukugcaba
• Umuthi wezilwane

Izibonelo zemikhiqizo yokukhishwa elawulwayo

Imithi yomlomo

Imithi eminingi yomlomo iyatholakala ngaphakathi Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Izakhi, kufaka phakathi:

• Metformonn enwetshiwe-ukukhishwa kwesifo sikashukela
• I-Nifedipine Ukukhishwa Kwe-Hypertension
• I-OxyCodone ekhuliswe ngokulawulwa kobuhlungu

Iziqeshana ze-transdermal

Ama-Transdermal Patches aletha izidakamizwa ngokusebenzisa isikhumba esilinganisweni esilawulwayo. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Iziqeshana ze-nicotine zokuyeka ukubhema
• Ama-Fentanyl iziqongo zokuphathwa kwezinhlungu
• Ama-Hormone Replacement Patches

Ukufakwa

Izimila zifakwe ngokoqobo amadivayisi akhipha izidakamizwa esikhathini esengeziwe. Izibonelo zifaka:

• Izimila zokuvimbela inzalo
• Iziqu ezifundwa izidakamizwa

Izinselelo nezinkomba zesikhathi esizayo

Izinselele

Naphezu kwezinzuzo eziningi ze Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo, kusele izinselelo eziningana:

• Ukukhiqiza ubunzima
• Khokhisa
• Ukuhlukahluka ekukhishweni kwezidakamizwa
• Izici eziqondene neziguli

Izikhombisi Zekusasa

Ucwaningo lwesikhathi esizayo ku Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo kugxilwe ku:

• Ukuhlakulela Izinhlelo Zokulethwa Kwezidakamizwa Eziyinkimbinkimbi Nezibhekiselo
• Kusetshenziswa izinto ze-biofegradable ne-biocomo.
• Ukulethwa kwezidakamizwa okwenziwe ngezifiso kususelwa ezidingweni zesiguli ngazinye
• Ihlanganisa i-nanotechnology kanye ne-microfluidics

Ukugcina

Ukukhishwa kwezidakamizwa okulawulwayo Imele intuthuko ebalulekile kubuchwepheshe bezemithi, enikeza izinzuzo eziningi ngezindlela ezivamile zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa. Njengoba ucwaningo luyaqhubeka nobuchwepheshe obusha buvela, Ukukhishwa okulawulwayo Amasistimu alungele ukudlala iqhaza elibaluleke kakhulu ekwenzeni ngcono imiphumela yeziguli futhi athuthukise ukunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Idatha nezinsizakusebenza

Nasi isibonelo sendlela izindlela ezihlukile zokulethwa kwezidakamizwa ezingaqhathanisa ngayo ngokwemibandela yamaphrofayili awo wokukhishwa. Uyacelwa uqaphele ukuthi lokhu kungukufanekisela okwenziwe lula kwezinjongo ezibonakalayo kuphela, futhi amaphrofayli angempela okukhishwa azohluka ngokuya ngesidakamizwa esithile, ukwakheka, kanye nezinto ezibekelwe iziguli.

* Qaphela: Idatha ingamanani okubonisa futhi amanani angempela azohluka.

Ukuzikhulula: Le ndatshana yenzelwe izinjongo zolwazi kuphela futhi ayisenzi izeluleko zezokwelapha. Xhumana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kunoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nokwelashwa kwakho.