Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic: umhlahlandlela ophelele 

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic Izinketho zincike esiteji nasendaweni yomdlavuza, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Ukwelashwa okujwayelekile kufaka phakathi ukuhlinzwa, i-chemotherapy, ukwelashwa kwemisebe kanye nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe. Imvamisa, inhlanganisela yalezi zindlela isetshenziselwa ukufeza umphumela omuhle kakhulu. Ukuqonda lezi zinketho kubalulekile ekuthatheni izinqumo okunolwazi.

Ukuqonda umdlavuza we-pancreatic

Ama-pancreas yisitho esisemuva kwesisu esidlala indima ebalulekile ekugaliseni nasekuqondisweni ushukela wegazi. Umdlavuza we-pancreatic kwenzeka lapho amaseli kumanyikwe akhula ngokungalawuleki, akha isimila. Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili ze umdlavuza we-pancreatic: I-Adenocarcinoma (uhlobo oluvame kakhulu) kanye nama-neuroendocrine tumors (ama-pnets).

Izici zobungozi zomdlavuza we-pancreatic

Kunezici eziningana zingakhulisa ubungozi bokuthuthuka umdlavuza we-pancreatic, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukubhema
• Isifo sikashukela
• Ukukhuluphala
• I-pancreatitis engapheli
• Umlando womndeni wa umdlavuza we-pancreatic
• Amanye ama-shintsho wofuzo

Izimpawu zomdlavuza we-pancreatic

Ezigabeni zokuqala, umdlavuza we-pancreatic imvamisa ayinazimpawu ezibonakalayo. Njengoba umdlavuza ukhula, izimpawu zingafaka:

• Ubuhlungu besisu
• I-Jaundice (ephuzi yesikhumba namehlo)
• Ukunciphisa isisindo
• Ukulahleka kwesifiso sokudla
• Isicanucanu nokuhlanza
• Izinguquko Emikhakheni Yesibili
• Isifo sikashukela esisha

Ukuxilongwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic

Nxa umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kusolwa ukuthi, udokotela uzohlolwa ngokomzimba futhi ahlele ukuhlolwa okuhlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi:

• Ukuhlolwa Kwegazi: Ukuhlola umsebenzi wesibindi kanye nomaka ama-tumor.
• Ukuhlolwa kokucabanga: njenge-CT SCANS, i-MRI Scans, ne-endoscopic ultrasound (EUS), ukubona ngeso lengqondo amanyikwe kanye nezinhlaka ezizungezile.
• I-Biopsy: Ukuqinisekisa ukuxilongwa futhi kunqume uhlobo umdlavuza we-pancreatic.

Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic

Ukwelashwa kwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kuya ngezici eziningana, kufaka phakathi isigaba somdlavuza, indawo yaso, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Izinketho zokwelashwa eziphambili zichazwe ngezansi. Institute edumile yeShandong Baccer Cancer Research Institute inikeza ukunakekelwa komdlavuza okuphelele; ungakwazi Funda kabanzi lapha mayelana nendlela yabo.

Indawo kadokotela

Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwelashwa komugqa wokuqala umdlavuza we-pancreatic Uma isimila senziwe sendawo futhi asikaze sisakazekele kwezinye izitho. Izinqubo ezahlukahlukene zokuhlinzwa zingasetshenziswa ngokuya ngendawo yesimila:

• Inqubo YoShrepple (PancreakodueneEctomy): Lokhu kufaka ukususa ikhanda lama-pancreas, ingxenye yamathumbu amancane, i-gallbladder, nengxenye ye-bile duct.
• I-distal pancreatectomy: Lokhu kufaka ukususa umsila wamanyikwe futhi kungafaka futhi i-spleen.
• Ingqikithi ye-pancreatectomy: Lokhu kufaka ukususa wonke ama-pancreas, i-spleen, i-gallbladder, ingxenye yesisu, nengxenye yesisu esincane. Lokhu akuvamile.

Ukuthi isimila singasuswa ngempumelelo kuncike endaweni yakuso nesiteji. Lesi yinto ebucayi ekunqumeni izinketho zokwelashwa. Isazi sokuhlinza esivikelekile singathinta kakhulu imiphumela, yenza izikhungo njenge-Shandong Bandong Baccer Cheary Research Institute Izinsizakusebenza zeziguli.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Ingahle isetshenziswe ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa (i-neadjuvant chemotherapy), ngemuva kokuhlinzwa (i-adgevant chemotherapy), noma njengokuphathwa okuyisisekelo kokuthuthukile umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ze-chemotherapy ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-pancreatic Faka:

• I-gemcitabine
• I-Folfirinox (inhlanganisela ye-fluorouracil, i-leucovorin, i-irinotecan, kanye no-oxaliptatin)
• I-Abraxane (izinhlayiya eziboshwe amaprotheni e-paclitaxel)

I-Chemotherapy ingadala imiphumela emibi, efana ne-nausea, ukugabha, ukukhathala, kanye nokulahleka kwezinwele. Le miphumela emibi ingavame ukuphathwa ngemithi nokunakekelwa kokusekela.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe ephezulu kakhulu ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Ingasetshenziswa ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma ukwelashwa okuyinhloko umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Izinhlobo zokwelapha imisebe zifaka:

• Ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle yangaphandle (EBRT): Imisebe ihanjiswa emshinini ngaphandle komzimba.
• I-Brachytherapy: Imbewu enemisebe ibekwe ngqo noma eduze kwesimila.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kungadala imiphumela emibi, njengokucasuka kwesikhumba, ukukhathala, kanye nausea.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibhekise ama-molecule athile athintekayo ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza kanye nokusinda. Izibonelo zokwelapha okuhlosiwe ezisetshenziselwa ukwelapha umdlavuza we-pancreatic Faka:

• I-Erlotinib: ihlose i-epidermal Fight Receptor (EGFR).
• I-Olaparib: ihlose i-enzyme ye-PARP ezigulini nge-BRCA izinguquko ze-brca.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatheraPy isiza amasosha akho omzimba alwe nomdlavuza. Akusetshenziswanga njengokuphathwa komugqa wokuqala umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kepha kungenzeka kube yinketho ezimweni ezithile. Pembrolikukumab (Keytruda) isidakamizwa esingahle sisetshenziselwe umdlavuza we-pancreatic iziguli ezinokuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo.

Ukunakekelwa kwe-Palliative

Ukunakekelwa kwePalliative kugxile ekunciphiseni izimpawu kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yempilo yeziguli ezinezifo ezinzima, njenge umdlavuza we-pancreatic. Ukunakekelwa kwePalliative kungafaka ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, ukusekelwa kokudla okunempilo, nokusekelwa okungokomzwelo.

Izigaba zomdlavuza we-pancreatic kanye nezindlela zokwelashwa

Umdlavuza we-pancreatic ihlelwe ukunquma ubukhulu bomdlavuza kanye nezinqumo zokwelashwa. Izigaba zisukela esiteji 0 (umdlavuza ku-situ) kuya ku-Stage IV (umdlavuza weMetastatic). Ithebula elilandelayo lifingqa indlela yokwelashwa esigabeni ngasinye:

Ukuphila nomdlavuza we-pancreatic

Ukuphila ne umdlavuza we-pancreatic Kungaba inselelo, kepha kukhona izinsizakusebenza ezitholakalayo ukusiza iziguli nemindeni yazo. Amaqembu okusekela, ukwelulekwa, kanye nezinhlelo zezemfundo anganikeza usizo olubalulekile. Ukugcina impilo enempilo, kufaka phakathi ukudla okulinganiselayo nokuzivocavoca njalo, kungathuthukisa nekhwalithi yempilo.

Indima Yezilingo Zempilo

Izilingo Zomtholampilo ziyizifundo zokucwaninga ezihlola okusha Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic isondela. Ukubamba iqhaza kwecala lomtholampilo kunganikezela ukufinyelela kwezindlela zokwelapha ezisikiwe futhi zinikele ekuthuthukiseni ukunakekelwa komdlavuza. Iziguli ezinentshisekelo ezivivinyweni zomtholampilo kufanele zixoxe ngokuthi kungenzeka nethimba lazo lezokunakekelwa kwempilo.

Ukugcina

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic kuyinkimbinkimbi futhi kudinga indlela ehlukahlukene. Ukuqonda izinketho zokwelashwa ezikhona, izigaba, kanye nezinsizakusebenza zokunakekelwa kokusekelwa kunganika amandla iziguli ukuba zenze izinqumo ezinolwazi futhi zithuthukise imiphumela yazo. Hlala uthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezempilo ukuthola inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwelashwa kwesimo sakho esithile. Iqembu elizinikezele eShandong Bandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute, iziguli nakanjani zizonakekelwa ngesihawu nobuchwepheshe.

Ukuzikhulula: Le ndatshana inikezela ngemininingwane ejwayelekile mayelana Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic futhi akufanele ibhekwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha. Njalo uthintane nochwepheshe wezempilo ofanelekayo wokuxilongwa kanye nezincomo zokwelashwa.

Izinkomba:

1. Isikhungo Somdlavuza Kazwelonke. Ukwelashwa komdlavuza we-pancreatic (PDQ?) - Isiguli
2. I-American Cancer Society. Mayelana nomdlavuza we-pancreatic