Ukwelashwa kweCarcinoma ye-Renal Carcinoma: Umhlahlandlela ophelele

I-Renal Cell Carcinoma (I-RCC), eyaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wezinso, idinga indlela eyakhiwe ekwelashweni. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlola izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa, izindlela zokuxilonga, namasu wokunakekelwa asekelwayo wabantu ababhekene nale nselelo. Sizokweluleka ngentuthuko yakamuva, ukucatshangelwa kokuqonda, kanye nokubaluleka kwezinhlelo zokwelashwa ezenzelwe wena, zinikeza insiza yokuzulazula kuloluhambo olunzima. Ukuqonda izinketho zakho nokubamba iqhaza ngokuzikhandla ekunakekelweni kwakho kubalulekile ukuthola imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Lo mhlahlandlela uhlose ukukunikeza ulwazi oludingayo ukuze ukwazi ukuxoxa neqembu lakho lezempilo.

Ukuqonda ama-renal cell carcinoma

Izinhlobo ze-RCC

I-RCC Ifaka ama-subtypes amaningana, ngalinye linezimpawu ezihlukile ezithinta amasu okulashwa. Sula i-RCC i-RCC uhlobo oluvame kakhulu, olulandelwa i-papillary, i-chromophobe, nabanye. Uhlobo oluthile lwe I-RCC kunqunywa ngokuhlaziywa kwe-biopsy ne-pathology. Udokotela wakho uzochaza imiphumela yokuxilongwa kwakho okuthile.

Stiring RCC

Izitayela zichaza kahle ubukhulu bomdlavuza, obalulekile ukuze uqondise izinqumo zokwelashwa okuqondisa. Izitebhisi zisuselwa ezicini eziningana, kufaka phakathi usayizi we-tumor, ukuhileleka kwe-lymph node, ne-metastasis (kusakazekele ezithweni ezikude). Uhlelo lwe-TNM Stiluging luvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa I-RCC. Lokhu kufaka ukuhlola isimila (t), ama-lymph node (n), kanye ne-metastasis (m). Isigaba esiphakeme, umdlavuza osekhulile ngokwengeziwe.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zeRenal Cell Carcinoma

Indawo kadokotela

Okwenzelwe okwenziwe I-RCC, Ukuhlinzwa kuvame ukwelashwa okuyinhloko. Lokhu kungabandakanya i-nephrectomy eyingxenye (ukususwa kwesimila kanye nengxenye encane yezinso) noma i-nephrectomy ebabazekayo (ukususwa kwazo zonke izinso). Amasu wokuhlanza kancane ahlaselayo, njengeLaparoscopy kanye nokuhlinzwa kwamarobhothi, avame ukukhethwa ngenxa yesikhathi sawo sokutakula kabusha kanye nengozi ephansi yezinkinga. I-Shandong Bandoong BacceCancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) Isikhungo esiholayo ngamasu aphezulu okuhlinza umdlavuza wezinso.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe eziqondiwe ngqo amaseli omdlavuza, ukunciphisa ukulimala kwezicubu ezinempilo. Imithi eminingana ikhombisile ukusebenza kahle ekwelapheni okuthuthukile noma kwe-metastatic I-RCC. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi ama-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIS) njenge-sunitinib ne-pazopanib, kanye ne-mtor inhibitors njenge-EverLimus. Le mishanguzo ivame ukuba nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile, futhi ukuqapha ngokucophelela kubalulekile.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba uqobo ukuze alwe namaseli womdlavuza. Ukuhlola ama-inhibitors, njenge-nivolumab ne-ipilimak, kukhombisile imiphumela ehlaba umxhwele ekwelapheni okuthuthukile I-RCC. Le mishanguzo isebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni avimbela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza. Imiphumela emibi ye-ImmunoSatherapy ingasukela kokuncane kuya kokubi futhi idinga ukuqondiswa kwezokwelapha okusondele.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa ukudambisa izimpawu ezithuthukile I-RCC noma ukwelapha ukuphinda okwenziwe kwasendaweni ngemuva kokuhlinzwa. Imiphumela emibi yokwelashwa ngemisebe ingafaka ukukhathala, isicanucanu nokucasuka kwesikhumba.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy, ngenkathi isetshenziswa kaningi njengokwelashwa komugqa wokuqala I-RCC, angadlala indima ezimweni ezithile. Kubandakanya ukuphatha izidakamizwa ngokungemthetho noma ngomlomo ukubulala amaseli omdlavuza. Ukusebenza kwe-chemotherapy ku I-RCC ngokuvamile kuphansi kuqhathaniswa nokwelashwa okuhlosiwe noma i-immunotherapy.

Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo

Ukuphatha imiphumela emibi ye I-RCC Ukwelashwa kubalulekile. Ukunakekelwa kokusekelwa kungafaka ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, ukwelulekwa kokudla okunempilo, ukusekelwa ngokomzwelo, nokuphatha ukukhathala. Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nethimba lakho lezempilo kubalulekile ekubhekaneni nalokhu kukhathazeka.

Ukuphathwa kwe-Prognosis kanye nokuphathwa kwesikhathi eside

I-Prognosis ye I-RCC Iyahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinto eziningana, kufaka phakathi isigaba lapho kuxilongwa, uhlobo lwemivula, kanye nempilo yomuntu wonke. Ukuqokwa okujwayelekile kokulandela, kufaka phakathi izifundo zokucabanga, zibalulekile ekuqapheleni kabusha. Izinguquko zendlela yokuphila, njengokugcina isisindo esinempilo nokugwema ugwayi, kungathuthukisa nemiphumela yesikhathi eside.

Ukukhetha ukwelashwa okulungile

Ukukhetha isu lokwelashwa elifanele lokwelashwa I-RCC inqubo yokubambisana ehilela isiguli neqembu labo lezempilo. Kunezici eziningana ezibhekwayo, kufaka phakathi isigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli ephelele, kanye nezinto ezizithandayo. Indlela ye-multidisciplinary, imvamisa ebandakanya ama-norologist, ama-oncologists, kanye nabanye ochwepheshe, kubalulekile ekunakekelweni ngempumelelo.

Ukuzikhulula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele lubhekwe njengeluleke lwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nomuntu oqeqeshiwe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha.