Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili: Ukuqonda okuphelele kwe-Coluence of Secondary Orterical Actiath Theracer Tarleans kudinga indlela ehlekisayo. Le ndatshana inikezela ngesibukezo esinemininingwane yokuxilongwa, izinketho zokwelashwa kanye nokunakekelwa kokusekela, okuhlose ukuhlomisa abantu nemindeni yabo ngolwazi oludingekayo ukuzulazula kuloluhambo oluyinselele. Sizohlola amasu ahlukahlukene okwelapha, sigcizelela ukubaluleka kokunakekelwa komuntu uqobo kanye nokufinyelela kuMpilo wezokwelapha oholayo.

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili: umhlahlandlela ophelele

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili, owaziwa nangokuthi umdlavuza wamaphaphu we-metastatic, kwenzeka lapho amaseli womdlavuza evela kwenye ingxenye yomzimba esakazeka emaphashini. Lokhu kuxilongwa kuveza izinselelo ezihlukile, kufunwa uhlelo lokwelashwa oluhambisana nesayithi lomdlavuza lokuqala, ubukhulu bokubandakanyeka kwamaphaphu, kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. -Phumelelayo Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili Sithembela endleleni ehlukahlukene, okuhlanganisa i-Oncology yezokwelapha, i-radiation Oncology, ukuhlinzwa kanye nokunakekelwa kokusekela.

Ukuqonda Ukuxilongwa

Ukuxilongwa okunembile kubalulekile ukuze kusebenze Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili. Lokhu kuhlanganisa umlando ophelele wezokwelapha, ukuhlolwa ngokomzimba, izifundo zokucabanga (ezifana nezikena ze-CT, ama-biopsies ukuqinisekisa ukuba khona kwamangqamuzana omdlavuza futhi anqume imvelaphi yabo. Ukuqonda indawo yomdlavuza oyinhloko nezimpawu kubalulekile ekuqondiseni izinqumo zokwelashwa. Ukuchithwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili, okuchaza ubukhulu besifo, futhi kudlala indima ebalulekile ekunqumeni isu elifanele kakhulu lokwelashwa. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi nokunembile kubalulekile ekuthuthukiseni imiphumela ye-prognosis kanye nokwelashwa. Ukuhlolwa okuningiliziwe nokuxilongwa, cabanga ukubonisana nochwepheshe ezikhungweni zokucwaninga ngomdlavuza odumile njenge I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zomdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlelekile

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlelekile, ezihlose ukuqondisa amaseli womdlavuza emzimbeni wonke, zivame ukusetshenziswa Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili. Lokhu kufaka phakathi:

• I-Chemotherapy: Isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Ama-regimens ahlukene we-chemotherapy akhona, ahambisana nohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza kanye nezimpawu zeziguli. Ama-ejenti asetshenziswa kakhulu ama-chemotherapeutic afaka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, kanye ne-pemetrexed. Imiphumela emibi ingahluka kakhulu.
• Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe: Isebenzisa izidakamizwa ezibhekise ama-molecule athile athinteka ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza kanye nokusinda. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zivame ukukhetha ukwedlula i-chemotherapy, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi embalwa. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-EGRH inhibitors (E.G., GEFITINIB, erlotinib) kanye ne-Alk inhibitors (e.g., Crizotinib).
• I-ImmunoSatherapy: Amahhanisi amasosha omzimba okuvikelwa komzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza. Ukuhlola inhibitors, njenge-pembrolikumab ne-nivolumab, kuvame ukusetshenziswa ngaphakathi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili, eshukumisa amasosha omzimba ukubona nokubhubhisa amaseli womdlavuza. Imiphumela emibi ingahluka kusuka kokumnene kuya kunzima futhi idinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe ephakeme yamandla ukushabalalisa amaseli womdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa ukwelapha izindawo ezithile zokubandakanyeka kwamaphaphu, ukudambisa izimpawu ezifana nobuhlungu nobunzima bokuphefumula, noma ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha imisebe ziyatholakala, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle kanye ne-brachytherapy.

Indawo kadokotela

Ukuhlinzwa kungabhekwa kumacala akhethiwe we Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili, ikakhulukazi uma i-metastasis eyedwa ikhona futhi iyasuswa ngokufanele. Kodwa-ke, ukuhlinzwa akuvamile kumdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili uma kuqhathaniswa nomdlavuza wamaphaphu oyinhloko. Ukuhlolwa ngokucophelela ngodokotela ohlinzayo thoracic kubalulekile ukuthola ukuthi kungenzeka yini nezinzuzo ezingaba khona.

Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo

Ukunakekelwa kokusekela kudlala indima ebalulekile ekwenzeni ngcono impilo yempilo yabantu abaqhubekayo Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili. Lokhu kufaka phakathi ukuphathwa kwemiphumela emibi ekwelashweni, ukuhlinzeka usizo lwezinhlungu, ukwesekwa okunempilo, kanye nokuxhaswa ngokomzwelo nangokwengqondo. Ukunakekelwa kwePalliative kugxile ekuthuthukiseni induduzo nekhwalithi yempilo, kungakhathalekile ukuthi isigaba somdlavuza. Ukufinyelela ezinsizakalweni zokunakekelwa ezisekelwayo kubalulekile ukuthola imiphumela yeziguli efanelekile.

Izilingo Zomtholampilo

Ukubamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo kunganikeza ukufinyelela ekwelashweni okusha futhi kufaka isandla ekuthuthukiseni ulwazi mayelana Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili. Izilingo zemitholampilo zihlola izidakamizwa ezintsha kanye nokwelashwa, okunikeza izinzuzo ezingaba khona kulabo ababamba iqhaza. Iziguli kufanele zixoxe ngokuthi kungenzeka zibambe iqhaza ekuvivinyweni kwemitholampilo nge-oncologist yazo.

Ukukhetha uhlelo lokulashwa olufanele

Ukukhethwa kwe Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu wesibili iye yaziwa kakhulu futhi incike ezicini ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi uhlobo nendawo yomdlavuza oyinhloko, ubukhulu bokubandakanyeka kwamaphaphu, impilo yesiguli ephelele, kanye nokuthandwa ngumuntu. Ukusebenzisana neqembu le-multidiculinary of ongoti, kufaka phakathi izazi ze-oncologists, ama-radiation oncologists, odokotela abahlinzayo, kanye nochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwabaphikisi, kubalulekile ekwakheni uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nomuntu uqobo. Le khasi I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute inikeza indlela ebanzi yokunakekelwa komdlavuza.

Ukuzikhulula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele lubhekwe njengeluleke lwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kunoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo yakho noma yokwelashwa.