Ukuqonda nokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka

Le ndatshana ihlinzeka ngesibukezo esiphelele somdlavuza wamaphaphu anolaka, ukuhlola izinhlobo zayo ezahlukahlukene, izindlela zokuxilonga, izindlela zokwelashwa, nokubaluleka kokutholwa kusenesikhathi nokunakekelwa kwangaphambi kokuthola okuthandwayo. Sizokwenza intuthuko yakamuva kuyo Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha, egxile ezindleleni ezisekelwe kobufakazi zokuthuthukisa imiphumela yeziguli. Funda ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene zesifo, indima yokwelashwa okuhlosiwe, i-immunotherapy, nokunakekelwa kokusekela, ukukwenza ukwazi ukwenza izinqumo ezinolwazi ngokubambisana nethimba lakho lezokunakekelwa kwezempilo.

Ukuqonda umdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu anolaka

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka uhlanganisa izinhlobo eziningana, okuvame kakhulu ukuba ngumdlavuza wamaphaphu we-cell luseli (SCLC) kanye nama-subtypes we-cell angewona ama-lung (NSCLC) anamaphethini wokukhula anolaka. I-SCLC yaziwa ngokukhula kwayo okusheshayo kanye nokusakazeka kokuqala, ngenkathi ama-nksclc ama-subtypes athile, njenge-carcinoma enkulu ye-cell carcinoma, nawo angaba nolaka kakhulu. Uhlobo oluthile luthinta kakhulu Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha amasu. Ukuxilongwa okunembile nge-biopsies kanye nezifundo zokucabanga kubalulekile ekunqumeni inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo.

Izigaba zomdlavuza wamaphaphu anolaka

Isitayela sisiza ekuboneni ubukhulu bokusakazeka komdlavuza. Izinhlelo ezithinta, njengohlelo lwe-TNM, chofoza umdlavuza wamaphaphu ngokususelwa kusayizi we-tumor (t), ukuhileleka kwe-lymph node (n), kanye ne-metastasis (m). Ukuqonda isigaba kubalulekile ekuhleleni Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha nokubikezela ukubikezela.

Izinketho zokwelashwa zomdlavuza wamaphaphu anolaka

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Imvamisa iyitshe legumbi le Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha, ikakhulukazi izigaba ezithuthukile. Ama-regimens ahlukene we-chemotherapy akhona, ahambisana nohlobo oluthile nesigaba somdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe ephezulu yamandla ukuqondisa nokubhubhisa amaseli womdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela nge-chemotherapy, ikakhulukazi kwisifo esenziwe yindawo noma ukunciphisa izimpawu.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zigxile kuma-molekyuli athile noma emaphandleni azibandakanye ekukhuleni komdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ziya ngokuya zibaluleke kakhulu ngaphakathi Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha, ukuhlinzeka ngendlela eqondile enemiphumela emibi embalwa kunendabuko ye-chemotherapy.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba uqobo ukuze alwe nomdlavuza. Le ndlela iguqula insimu ye-Oncology, enikeza izinzuzo zesikhathi eside kwezinye iziguli ezinomdlavuza wamaphaphu onolaka. Izinsuku zokuhlola inhibitors ziyingxenye ebalulekile yama-regimens amaningi akhona ama-immunotherapy.

Indawo kadokotela

Ngesifo esisesiteji sokuqala, ukuhlinzwa ukuze kususwe izicubu zamaphaphu ezinomdlavuza kungaba inketho. Kungenzeka ukuthi ukuhlinzwa kuncike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi indawo nosayizi wesimila kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke.

Ukunakekelwa Okusekelayo nomuthi owenziwe ngezifiso

Ukuphatha imiphumela emibi kanye nokwenza ngcono ikhwalithi yempilo yizici ezibalulekile ze Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha. Ukunakekelwa kokusekelwa kufaka ukuphathwa kobuhlungu, ukwesekwa kokudla okunempilo, kanye nokwelulekwa ngokwengqondo. Umuthi owenziwe ngezifiso uhlose ukuvumelanisa amasu wokwelashwa kwiphrofayili yofuzo yesiguli ngasinye, izici ze-tumor, kanye nempilo yonke. Le ndlela iqinisekisa uhlelo lokwelashwa oluphumelela kakhulu futhi oluhlosiwe. Ngeminye imininingwane mayelana nokunakekelwa komdlavuza okuthuthukile kanye nocwaningo, cabanga ngokuhlola izinsiza ku- I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute. Ukuzibophezela kwabo ekwelashweni okusha kuqondanisa ne-drive ebheke emiphumeleni ethuthukisiwe kumdlavuza wamaphaphu anolaka.

Ukugcina

Ukwelashwa Unolaka Lwesiphaphu Amaphaphu Wezokwelapha yinsimu eyinkimbinkimbi futhi eguqukayo. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, ukuxilongwa okuqondile, nendlela ye-multidisciplinary, kufaka phakathi izinketho zokwelashwa komhlaba kanye nokunakekelwa kokusekelwa, kubalulekile ukwenza imiphumela yeziguli. Hlala uthintana ne-Oncologist yakho ukuthuthukisa uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nomuntu uqobo oluhambisana nesimo sakho esithile. Ukucwaninga okwengeziwe kanye nokuthuthuka kuyaqhubeka nokwenza ngcono amasu okulashwa futhi kuthuthukise izimpilo zabantu abathintwe yilesi sifo.