Ukwelashwa Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu: Imithi kanye nokwelashwa kwamaphaphu umdlavuza womdlavuza womdlavuza: Umhlahlandlela ophelele we-Diodiotethos unikeza umbono ophelele we Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu kanye nokwelashwa. Sihlola izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa, sigxile entuthukweni yakamuva futhi sinikeze imininingwane ukusiza abantu nemindeni yabo lolu hambo olunzima. Sizoxoxa ngezinketho ezivamile zokwelashwa, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nokubaluleka komuthi owenziwe ngezifiso ekuzuzeni imiphumela engcono kakhulu. Imininingwane enikezwe lapha ngezinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele ibhekwe njengezeluleko zezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uthole ukuholwa okwenziwe ngezifiso nezinhlelo zokwelashwa.

Ukuqonda umdlavuza wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uyisifo esibi, kepha intuthuko in Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ube nemiphumela ethuthukile kakhulu. Uhlobo lokwelashwa olunconyiwe luncike ezicini eziningana, kufaka phakathi isigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli yonke, kanye nohlobo oluthile lomdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ekwelashweni okusebenzayo.

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Kunezinhlobo ezimbili eziphambili zomdlavuza wamaphaphu: umdlavuza omncane we-cell luleng (SCLC) kanye nomdlavuza we-cell ongewona omncane (NSCLC). I-NSCLC i-Akhawunti enkulu yokuxilongwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Lezi zinhlobo ziyehluka emaphethini azo okukhula nokuthi zisabela kanjani ekwelashweni.

Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu

-Ngakanani Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu ziyatholakala, ngalinye linendlela yalo yokwenza isenzo kanye nemiphumela emibi engaba khona. Le mithi ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma ihlanganiswe nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Imvamisa isetshenziselwa zombili i-SCLC ne-NSCLC, kwesinye isikhathi njengokwelashwa okuyinhloko futhi kwesinye isikhathi eceleni kwezinye izindlela zokwelapha njengemisebe. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ze-chemotherapy ezisetshenziswa ekwelashweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu zifaka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, ne-doncetaxel.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zenzelwe ukuhlasela ama-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha zisebenza kangcono ezinhlotsheni ezithile zomdlavuza wamaphaphu kunabanye. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi i-EGFR Tyrosine KINASE HINGERERS (TKIS) njengeGefitinib, erlotinib, kanye ne-Afatiinib, kanye ne-Alk inhibitors efana Crizotinib neCeritinib. Le mithi isebenza ngokukhethekile ezigulini ezinokuguqulwa okuthile kofuzo.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy isiza amasosha omzimba womzimba alwe nomdlavuza wamaseli. Ukuhlola inhibitors, njenge-pembrolikumab ne-nivolumab, yizibonelo zezidakamizwa ze-immunotherapy ezisetshenziswa kakhulu ekwelashweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Basebenza ngokuvimba amaprotheni avimbela amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza.

Eminye imithi

Eminye imithi idlala izindima ezisekelayo ngaphakathi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ekhuluma nezimpawu noma imiphumela emibi. Lokhu kungafaka ukuncishiswa kobuhlungu, umuthi wokulwa nabantu, kanye nemithi yokuphatha ezinye izinkinga.

Ezinye izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ngaphandle kwemithi, ezinye izindlela zokwelapha ziyizingxenye ezibalulekile zendlela ebanzi yokubeletha umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela nezinye izindlela zokwelapha.

Indawo kadokotela

Ukuhlinzwa kungaba yindlela yokukhetha umdlavuza wamaphaphu wangasese ukuze ususe isimila esinomdlavuza. Ubungako bokuhlinzwa buxhomeke ngosayizi nendawo nendawo yesimila.

Izilingo Zomtholampilo

Ukubamba iqhaza kwezivivinyo zomtholampilo kunganikeza ukufinyelela kokwelashwa okusha futhi kunomthelela entuthukweni kuyo Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Udokotela wakho angasiza ekuboneni ukuthi isivivinyo somtholampilo iyindlela efanelekile.

Ukukhetha ukwelashwa okulungile

Ukukhethwa kwe Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kungokomuntu uqobo futhi kuya ngezici ezimbalwa. Kubalulekile ukuxoxa ngezinketho zokwelashwa nge-Oncologist ukuthola inkambo engcono kakhulu yesenzo. Indlela yethimba le-multidisceplinary livame ukuthandwa, lihlanganisa ochwepheshe be-Oncology, ukuhlinzwa, ukwelashwa kwemisebe, kanye neminye imikhakha efanelekile.

Uhlobo lokwelashwa	Ukufanisa	Imiphumela emibi engaba khona
Chemotherapy	Sebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli.	Isicanucanu, ukugabha, ukulahlekelwa izinwele, ukukhathala.
Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe	Uhlasela ama-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza.	Ukuqhuma, isifo sohudo, ukukhathala.
I-ImmunoSatherapy	Isiza amasosha omzimba womzimba alwe nomdlavuza wamaseli.	Ukukhathala, ukusabela kwesikhumba, ukuvuvukala kwamaphaphu.

Izinsizakusebenza nokusekelwa

Ukuzulazula kwesifo somdlavuza wamaphaphu kungaba yinselele. Kunezinsizakusebenza eziningi ezitholakalayo zokuhlinzeka ukwesekwa nolwazi. Izinhlangano ezifana ne-American Lung Association kanye neNational Cancer Institute zinikeza izinsiza ezibalulekile ezigulini nemindeni yazo. Ngokusekelwa komuntu uqobo futhi kuthuthukile Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, cabanga ukuxhumana I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute.DiscISCAIER: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele lubhekwe njengeluleke lwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo kunoma yikuphi ukukhathazeka ngempilo noma ngaphambi kokwenza noma yiziphi izinqumo ezihlobene nempilo yakho noma yokwelashwa.