Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu: Imithi kanye Nezibhedlela

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uyahlolwa Izibhedlela Zomdlavuzelo Wezokwelapha Amaphaphu Ezokwelapha Amaphaphu, Ukuhlinzeka ngolwazi olubalulekile ekwelashweni okutholakalayo, okuholayo ezikhungweni zezokwelapha, kanye nentuthuko yakamuva ekunakekelweni komdlavuza wamaphaphu. Sisebenzisa izinketho ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa, sichaza ukusebenza kwazo, imiphumela emibi engaba khona, kanye nokufaneleka kwezigaba ezahlukahlukene zesifo. Siphinde siqokomise izibhedlela ezihlonishwayo ezinakekela ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukugcizelela ukubaluleka kokukhetha indawo efanele yezokwelapha yokunakekelwa okufanele.

Ukuqonda izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukungenelela Kokuhlinzwa

Ukuhlinzwa kuhlala kuyitshe legumbi le Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kwesifo esisesigabeni sokuqala. Uhlobo lokuhlinzwa luncike endaweni kanye nosayizi kamusi. Izinqubo ezijwayelekile zifaka phakathi i-lobectomy (ukususwa kwe-luumonectomy (ukususwa kwalo lonke amaphaphu), kanye nokuvuselelwa kabusha kwe-wedge (ukususwa kwengxenye encane yezicubu zamaphaphu). Amanani empumelelo okuhlinza ayahlukahluka ngokuya ngezinto eziningana, kufaka phakathi impilo yesiguli sonke kanye nesigaba somdlavuza. Ukuvuselelwa kwe-post-auterative kufaka phakathi isikhathi sokulaliswa esibhedlela okulandelwa ukuvuselelwa kabusha ukuze kuphinde kusebenze amandla namandla okusebenza.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ezinamandla ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Isetshenziselwa kakhulu ukuthuthuka Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, kungaba yedwa noma ukuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha ezinjengemisebe. Izidakamizwa ezivame ukusetshenziswa kwe-chemotherapy zomdlavuza wamaphaphu zihlanganisa i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, i-paclitaxel, ne-doncetaxel. Imiphumela emibi ingasukela kokuncane kuya ekujuleni futhi incike kwimithi ethile kanye nemithamo. Iziguli kufanele zixoxe ngemiphumela emibi namasu okuphatha nge-oncologist yawo.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe yamandla aphezulu ukuqondisa nokubhubhisa amaseli womdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma ngokubambisana nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwemisebe zikhona, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle kanye ne-brachytherapy (imisebe yangaphakathi). Imiphumela emibi ingafaka ukukhathala, ukucasuka kwesikhumba, kanye nobunzima bokugwinya, kuya ngendawo yokwelashwa. Ukuqina kanye nesikhathi sokwelashwa kuhambisana nezidingo zeziguli ngazinye kanye nesigaba somdlavuza.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe kusebenzisa umuthi owenzelwe ukuhlasela amaseli athile omdlavuza ngokulimala okuncane kumaseli anempilo. Lezi zindlela zokwelapha ziqondiswe ukuguqulwa kofuzo noma amaprotheni aqhuba ukukhula komdlavuza. Izibonelo zezidakamizwa zokwelapha ezihlosiwe ezisetshenzisiwe ngaphakathi Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu Faka phakathi isibth ngu-inhibitors (njenge-gefitinib kanye ne-erlotinib) kanye ne-alk inhibitors (njenge-crizotinib). Ukusebenza kokulashwa okuhlosiwe kuncike ekuguqukeni okuthile kwezakhi zofuzo okukhona esiswini.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amasosha omzimba wokulwa nomdlavuza. Kubandakanya ukusebenzisa imithi ekhuthaza amandla amasosha omzimba okuthola nokubhubhisa amaseli omdlavuza. Izidakamizwa ezijwayelekile ezenziwa nge-immunenotherapy ezisetshenzisiwe ngaphakathi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu Faka phakathi izinhlanzi zokuhlola ezinjenge-pembrolikumab ne-nivolumab. I-ImmunoSatherapy ingaholela ekuthuthukisweni okukukhulu kumanani aphezulu wokusinda kweziguli ezithile kodwa futhi kungadala imiphumela emibi edinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela.

Ukukhetha isibhedlela esifanele ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Ukukhetha isibhedlela Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu yisinqumo esibucayi. Cabanga ngezinto ezifana nesipiliyoni sesibhedlela ekwelapheni umdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukufinyelela kwawo kubuchwepheshe obuthuthukile, ubuchwepheshe bethimba laso lezokwelapha (kufaka phakathi odokotela abahlinzayo, ama-oncologists, kanye nabelaphi bemisebe. Ukucwaninga ngamanani empumelelo ezibhedlela, isimo sokugunyazwa, kanye nezinsizakalo zokusekelwa kweziguli kubalulekile. Ungase futhi ufune ukubheka ezibhedlela ezinikeza izinhlelo eziphelele zokwelashwa kubandakanya ukunakekelwa kwe-palliative.

Ngenkathi le ndatshana ihlose ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ephelele, kubalulekile ukuthi uthintane nodokotela wakho uqobo Ukwelashwa Imithi yokwelashwa umdlavuza wamaphaphu Iseluleko. Inkambo engcono kakhulu yokwenza njalo incike ezimweni zomuntu ngamunye kanye nentuthuko yakamuva yezokwelapha. Ngeminye imininingwane kanye nokufinyelela ubuchwepheshe bezokwelapha ezisezingeni lomhlaba, vakashela I-Shandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute.

Ukuqhathanisa Izinketho zokwelashwa

Ukuzikhulula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele lubhekwe njengeluleke lwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nochwepheshe wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uthole ukutholakala nokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha.