Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu: Imithi, izindlela zokwelapha, nethemba

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola izici ezahlukahlukene ze Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ukugxila emithini etholakalayo, ekwelasheleni nasekuthuthukisweni kwakamuva okunikeza ithemba ezigulini. Sisebenzisa ubunzima balesi sifo, sinikeze ukuqonda okucacile kwezinketho zokwelashwa kanye nemithelela yazo. Funda ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu, Iqhaza lezokwelapha ezihlosiwe, i-immunotherapy, kanye nokubaluleka kwemithi eyenziwe ngezifiso yokwenza ngcono imiphumela. Sizophinde futhi sibheke imibuzo evamile nokukhathazeka okuhlobene Umuthi wezokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu, Ukukunika amandla ngolwazi ukuzulazula lolu hambo oluyinselele.

Ukuqonda umdlavuza wamaphaphu nezigaba zawo

Izinhlobo zomdlavuza wamaphaphu

Umdlavuza wamaphaphu uhlukaniswe kabanzi ezinhlotsheni ezimbili eziphambili: umdlavuza omncane weseli (i-SCLC) kanye nomdlavuza weseli ongewona omncane (NSCLC). I-NSCLC i-Akhawunti yeningi lamacala omdlavuza wamaphaphu futhi ihlukaniswe nge-adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, i-carcinoma enkulu yeseli enkulu, nabanye. Uhlobo lomdlavuza wamaphaphu luthonya kakhulu ukukhethwa kwe ukwelapha. Ukuqonda Ukuxilongwa Kwakho Okucacisiwe Kubalulekile Ngokusebenza Okusebenzayo Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu Ukuhlela.

Stilung Lung Cancer

Isitayela sinquma ubukhulu bokusakazeka komdlavuza. Kubalulekile ukuqondiswa ukwelapha izinqumo nokubikezela ukubikezela. Izigaba zibanga kusuka ku-I (kwasendaweni) kuya ku-IV (metastatic). Inqubo eyisiteji efaka izivivinyo zokuzilibazisa (i-CT Scans, i-pet scans), ama-biopsies, nokunye ukuhlola. I-Shandong Bandoong Baafa Cancer Research Institute https://www.baofahospital.com/ inikeza amandla okuxilonga athuthukile ukuze sifinyeleleke ngokunembile umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Izinketho zokwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Kuvamile ukwelapha ngezigaba ezahlukahlukene ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu, evame ukusetshenziswa ngokuhlanganiswa nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ama-ejenti amaningana e-chemotherapeutic ayatholakala, ngalinye linemiphumela emibi kanye nephrofayili yokusebenza kahle. Irejimeni elithile le-chemotherapy lincike ezintweni ezinjengohlobo nesigaba se umdlavuza wamaphaphu, impilo yesiguli yonke, kanye nokunye ukucatshangelwa komuntu ngamunye.

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zihlasela ama-molekyuli athile ababambe iqhaza ekukhuleni kweseli yomdlavuza kanye nokusinda. Le mithi yenzelwe ukunciphisa ukulimala kwamaseli anempilo, okuholela emiphumeleni emibi embalwa uma kuqhathaniswa ne-chemotherapy yendabuko. Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kuvame ukususelwa ekuhlolweni kofuzo kwesimila ukukhomba ukuguqulwa okuthile. Izindlela eziningi zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zivunywa ngokwelapha izinhlobo ezahlukene ze umdlavuza wamaphaphu, njenge-EGFR, ALK, kanye nama-ros1 inhibitors.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amandla okuvikelwa komzimba wesiguli ukuze alwe namaseli womdlavuza. Kube yintuthuko ebalulekile ngaphakathi Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu, ikakhulukazi ezinhlotsheni ezithile nezigaba zalesi sifo. Izidakamizwa ze-ImmunoSatherapy zisebenza ngokuvimba izivikeli zokuvikelwa komzimba noma ukuthuthukisa impendulo yokuzivikela komzimba ngokumelene nomdlavuza. Bakhombise imiphumela ehlaba umxhwele ekusindeni okukude nokuthuthukisa impilo yeziguli eziningi. Yinto ebalulekile yokuthuthuka Umuthi wezokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe ephakeme yamandla ukushabalalisa amaseli womdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela nabanye ukwelapha izindlela, njengokuhlinzwa noma i-chemotherapy. Ngokuvamile kuqashwa ukuncipha kwamathumbu ngaphambi kokuhlinzwa, ukucekela phansi amaseli omdlavuza asele ngemuva kokuhlinzwa, noma ukunciphisa izimpawu ezigabeni ezithuthukile. Izinhlobo ezahlukene zokwelapha imisebe zikhona, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa kwemisebe yangaphandle kanye ne-brachytherapy.

Indawo kadokotela

Ukususwa Kokuhlinzwa kwesimila kungaba inketho yeziguli ezinesigaba sokuqala umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Ubungako bokuhlinzwa buxhomeke ezicini eziningana, kufaka phakathi usayizi nendawo yendawo yesimila kanye nempilo yesiguli yonke. Amasu okuhlinza avelele kakhulu, okuholela emiphumeleni ethuthukisiwe kanye nokuncishiswa okuncishisiwe. Izinketho zokuhlinzwa ezithuthukile zivame ukutholakala ezikhungweni zomdlavuza ezikhethekile, njenge-Shandong Bandong Baafa Cancer Research Institute.

Ukukhetha uhlelo lokulashwa olufanele

Ukukhethwa kwe Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu icatshangelwe kakhulu futhi incike ezintweni ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi uhlobo nesigaba se umdlavuza wamaphaphu, impilo yesiguli ephelele kanye nezinketho, kanye nokutholakala kwe ukwelapha Izinketho. Ithimba le-MultiDistinary, ngokujwayelekile elihlanganisa ama-oncologists, odokotela abahlinzayo, ama-radiation oncologists, nabanye ochwepheshe, abasebenzisana nokwakha umuntu uqobo ukwelapha Hlela. Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nethimba lakho lezempilo kubalulekile kulo lonke ukwelapha inqubo.

Ukunakekelwa Okusekelwayo Nezinsizakusebenza

Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu ingaba inselelo emzimbeni nangokomzwelo. Ukunakekelwa kokusekelwa kugxile ekuthuthukiseni ikhwalithi yempilo ngokulawula izimpawu, imiphumela emibi, kanye nenhlala-kahle engokomzwelo. Kuhlanganisa uhla lwezinsizakalo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuphathwa kwezinhlungu, ukwesekwa kokudla okunempilo, ukwelulekwa ngokwengqondo, kanye nokuvuselelwa. Izinhlangano eziningi zinikeza izinsizakusebenza ezibalulekile kanye nokusekelwa kubantu kanye nemindeni ethintwe yi umdlavuza wamaphaphu.

Ukugcina

Ukuthuthuka ku Umuthi wezokwelapha umdlavuza wamaphaphu bathuthuke kakhulu imiphumela kanye nekhwalithi yempilo yeziguli eziningi. Lapho Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu kuhlala kuyinselele, indlela ehlukahlukene egxile kwenziwe umuntu uqobo ukwelapha Amasu, kanye nokunakekelwa okuphelele kokusekelwa, anikezela ngethemba namathuba athuthukisiwe wokuphathwa okuphumelelayo. Khumbula ukuthintana nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwempilo ukuze uthole ukuholwa komuntu uqobo nokusekelwa kwakho konke kwakho Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu uhambo. Isikhungo Sokucwaninga Nge-Shandong Bandong Cancer Research Institute sinikezelwe ekuhlinzekeni ngo-Art-of-the-art Ukwelashwa komdlavuza wamaphaphu nokusekelwa.