Ukwelashwa komdlavuza omusha ongewona omncane

Lo mhlahlandlela ophelele uhlola intuthuko yakamuva kuyo Ukwelashwa okusha kokwelashwa komdlavuza we-Carters. Sizokondla izindlela ezahlukahlukene zokwelapha, kufaka phakathi ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe, i-immunotherapy, ne-chemotherapy, ukuhlinzeka ngemininingwane ekusebenzeni kwazo, imiphumela emibi, kanye nokufaneleka kwamaphrofayili ahlukene eziguli. Funda mayelana nokuvela komhlaba kwe-NSCLC ukwelashwa kanye nokuthi abaphenyi basebenza kanjani ngokuqhubekayo ekubhekeni izinketho ezisebenzayo nezingaphansi ezinobuthi.

Ukuqonda umdlavuza we-cell ongewona omncane (NSCLC)

Yini i-NSCLC?

Ama-akhawunti we-cell angewona ama-lungli (NSCLC) acishe abe ngu-85% wawo wonke umdlavuza wamaphaphu. Yiqembu lomdlavuza akhula emaphashini futhi abonakaliswa ukubonakala okuhlukile kwamaselula ngaphansi kwesibonakhulu. Ukuxilongwa kusenesikhathi kubalulekile ukuthola imiphumela yokwelashwa ethuthukisiwe. Isigaba somdlavuza ekutholakaleni sithinta kakhulu izinqumo zokwelashwa kanye nokufunwa. I-Shandong Bandoong BacceCancer Research Institute (https://www.baofahospital.com/) ungumholi emkhakheni, enikeza ukunakekelwa okuphelele nokucwaninga ku-NSCLC.

Izitayela nokuxilongwa kwe-NSCLC

Ukuzibandakanya okunembile kubalulekile ekunqumeni inkambo enhle kakhulu ye Ukwelashwa okusha kokwelashwa komdlavuza we-Carters. Lokhu kufaka phakathi izivivinyo ezahlukahlukene, kufaka phakathi ukuskena kokucabanga (CT, PET), Biopsies, kanye nokuhlolwa kwegazi. Uhlelo lwe-TNM Stiluging luvame ukusetshenziswa ukuhlukanisa i-NSCLC ngokususelwa kusayizi we-tumor (t), ukuhileleka kwe-lymph node (n), kanye ne-metastasis (m). Ukutholwa kusenesikhathi, imvamisa ngokuhlolwa okujwayelekile kwabantu ababeka engcupheni enkulu, kuthuthukisa amathuba okuthola ukwelashwa okuphumelelayo.

Izinketho zokwelashwa ze-NSCLC

Ukwelashwa okuhlosiwe

Izindlela zokwelapha ezihlosiwe zigxile kuma-molecule athile ahilelekile ekukhuleni komdlavuza. Le mishanguzo ingasebenza ngempumelelo futhi ibe nemiphumela emibi embalwa kunendabuko ye-chemotherapy kwezinye iziguli. Izibonelo zifaka phakathi isibth ngu-Inhibitors (njengeGefitinib kanye ne-Erlotinib) kanye ne-Alk inhibitors (njengeCrizotinib). Ukukhethwa kokwelashwa okuhlosiwe kuncike ekuguqukeni okuthile kwezakhi zofuzo okukhona kumaseli womdlavuza.

I-ImmunoSatherapy

I-ImmunoSatherapy ihlanganisa amandla okuvikelwa komzimba womzimba ukulwa nomdlavuza. Ukuhlola ama-inhibitors, njenge-pembrolikumab kanye ne-nivolumab, amaprotheni avimba amasosha omzimba ekuhlaseleni amaseli omdlavuza. Le mishanguzo ikhombisile impumelelo emangalisayo ekwelapheni i-NSCLC, ikakhulukazi ezigulini ezinama-biomarkers athile. I-ImmunoSatherapy ingaba nemiphumela emibi ehlukene kune-chemotherapy, edinga ukuqapha ngokucophelela ngabachwepheshe bezokwelapha.

Chemotherapy

I-Chemotherapy isebenzisa izidakamizwa ukubulala umdlavuza amaseli. Ingasetshenziswa yedwa noma inhlanganisela nezinye izindlela zokwelapha. Ama-regimens ahlukene we-chemotherapy akhona, ahambisana nezidingo ezithile zesiguli kanye nesigaba somdlavuza wazo. Izidakamizwa ezisetshenziswayo ezivame ukusetshenziswa zifaka i-cisplatin, i-carboplatin, ne-paclitaxel. I-Chemotherapy ingaba nemiphumela emibi ebalulekile, futhi ukuphatha le miphumela emibi kuyingxenye ebalulekile yokwelashwa.

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe

Ukwelashwa kwemisebe kusebenzisa imisebe ephakeme yamandla ukushabalalisa amaseli womdlavuza. Ingasetshenziswa ukuncipha kwamathumbu, ukudambisa izimpawu, noma ivikele ukwenziwa komdlavuza. Izinhlobo ezahlukahlukene zokwelashwa kwemisebe zikhona, kufaka phakathi imisebe yangaphandle yangaphandle kanye ne-brachytherapy. Ukwelashwa kwemisebe nakho kungaba nemiphumela emibi, ngokuya ngendawo ephathwa kanye nomthamo.

Ukwelashwa okusafufusa kanye nocwaningo

Izilingo Zomtholampilo

Ukubamba iqhaza ezivivinyweni zemitholampilo kunganikeza ukufinyelela kokusha Ukwelashwa okusha kokwelashwa komdlavuza we-Carters ngaphambi kokuba zitholakale kabanzi. Lezi zivivinyo zibhekwe ngokucophelela futhi zinikeza iziguli ithuba lokufaka isandla entuthukweni yezokwelapha ngenkathi uthola ukunakekelwa kwezwe. Abaphenyi eShandong Bandong Baccer Research Institute babambe iqhaza ngenkuthalo ezivivinyweni eziningi zomtholampilo ezihlola izindlela zokwelapha ze-NSCLC.

Ama-Biopsies awuketshezi

Ama-Biopsies awuketshezi ayindlela encane evuthayo yokuthola nokuqapha umdlavuza. Kubandakanya ukuhlaziya amasampula egazi ukuze ajikeleze ama-tumor DNA (CTDNA), anganikeza ngokuthola ukuqonda okubalulekile ku-makecy yokwakheka komdlavuza kanye nezinqumo zokwelashwa eziqondisayo. Lokhu kubuchwepheshe okusha kuvumela izindlela zokwelapha ezenzelwe wena, ukwenza kahle amapulani okulashwa asuselwa ezidingweni zesiguli ngasinye.

Ukukhetha ukwelashwa okulungile

Okuncono Ukwelashwa okusha kokwelashwa komdlavuza we-Carters Indlela iyahluka ngokuya ngezinto eziningana, kufaka phakathi isigaba somdlavuza, impilo yesiguli ephelele, kanye nokuba khona kwezakhi zofuzo ezithile. Ithimba elijwayelekile le-Oncologists, odokotela abahlinzayo, nabanye ochwepheshe bezokunakekelwa kwempilo bavame ukubandakanyeka ekwakheni uhlelo lokwelashwa oluqondene nomuntu uqobo. Ukuxhumana okuvulekile nomhlinzeki wakho wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo kubalulekile ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uqonda izinketho zakho futhi wenze izinqumo ezinolwazi.

Ukuzikhulula: Lolu lwazi lwenzelwe izinjongo zokufundisa kuphela futhi akufanele lubhekwe njengeluleke lwezokwelapha. Hlala uthintana nomuntu oqeqeshiwe wezokunakekelwa kwezempilo ukuze kuxilongwa kanye nokwelashwa kwanoma yisiphi isimo sezokwelapha.